Li X., Arya G. A., Thu A. M., Landier Jordi, Parker D. M., Delmas G., Reyes A., Lwin K. M., Sriprawat K., Nosten F., Anderson T. J. C. (2026). Impact of intensive control on malaria population genomics under elimination settings in Southeast Asia. Nature Microbiology, [Early access], p. [27 p.]. ISSN 2058-5276.
Titre du document
Impact of intensive control on malaria population genomics under elimination settings in Southeast Asia
Année de publication
2026
Auteurs
Li X., Arya G. A., Thu A. M., Landier Jordi, Parker D. M., Delmas G., Reyes A., Lwin K. M., Sriprawat K., Nosten F., Anderson T. J. C.
Source
Nature Microbiology, 2026,
[Early access], p. [27 p.] ISSN 2058-5276
The malaria elimination programme in Kayin State (Myanmar) uses malaria posts for rapid detection and treatment, together with mass drug administration in high-transmission villages, which has reduced transmission by 97%. Here we examine the impact of control on parasite genomic parameters to inform future control efforts. Using 2,270 genome-sequenced Plasmodium falciparum infections from 283 malaria posts, sampled over 58 months (2015-2020), we find that parasite effective population size decreased over the study period, but there was minimal change in artemisinin resistance allele frequency until 2020, when just one predominant genotype (carrying kelch13-R561H) remained. We observed sustained localized transmission of unique parasite genotypes revealing transmission chains and positive correlations in parasite relatedness for <= 20 km. Mass drug administration resulted in parasite founder effects, providing genomic evidence for the efficacy of this control tool. These results reveal changes in population structure driven by control and rapid shifts in allele frequency in a parasite population close to elimination.
Plan de classement
Santé : généralités [050]
;
Entomologie médicale / Parasitologie / Virologie [052]
Description Géographique
MYANMAR ; ASIE DU SUD EST
Localisation
Fonds IRD [F B010096974]
Identifiant IRD
fdi:010096974
