Campagne G., Garba A., Schuchat A., Boulanger Denis, Plikaytis B.D., Ousseini M., Chippaux Jean-Philippe. (1998). Response to conjugate Haemophilus influenzae B vaccine among infants in Niamey, Niger. 59 (5), p. 837-842. ISSN 0002-9637.
Titre du document
Response to conjugate Haemophilus influenzae B vaccine among infants in Niamey, Niger
Année de publication
1998
Auteurs
Campagne G., Garba A., Schuchat A., Boulanger Denis, Plikaytis B.D., Ousseini M., Chippaux Jean-Philippe
Source
1998,
59 (5), p. 837-842 ISSN 0002-9637
Despite near elimination of Haemophilus influenzae b (Hib) meningitis from several industrialized countries following introduction of conjugate Hib vaccines into infant immunization schedules, Hib remains a major cause of meningitis and pneumonia in resource-poor countries. In Niger, Hib causes nearly 200 cases of meningitis per 100,000 children < one year of age, and > 40% of cases are fatal. We evaluated the immunogenicity of Hib polysaccharide-tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine (PRP-T) administered in the same syringe as diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP) vaccine among infants in Niger. Infants were randomized into group 1 (PRP-T at six, 10, and 14 weeks), group 2 (PRP-T at 10 and 14 weeks), or a control group (meningococcal A/C polysaccharide vaccine). By 14 weeks of age, all subjects in groups 1 and 2 had 0.15 or more microg/ml of anti-PRP antibody, and 82% versus 76% had 1.0 or more microg/ml of antibody (P = not significant). By nine months of age the proportion of infants with 0.15 or more and 1.0 or more microg/ml was group 1 = 97% and 76% ; group 2 = 93% and 67% ; controls = 10% and 2.6%. Four weeks after the first, second, and third doses of PRP-T, infants in group 1 showed geometric mean titers (GMTs) of 0.19, 3.97, and 6.09 microg/ml while infants in group 2 had GMTs of 2.40 and 4.41 microg/ml four weeks after the delayed first and second doses. Both PRP-T groups had significantly higher GMTs at 18 weeks and nine months of age than infants in the control group. The Hib PRP-T vaccine was immunogenic in infants in Niger. The strong response after PRP-T was initiated one month after the first DTP vaccination may reflect carrier priming. Two dose schedules of PRP-T should be given serious consideration, particularly if their reduced cost permits vaccine introduction that would be otherwise unaffordable. (Résumé d'auteur)
Plan de classement
Divers [052MALTRA05]
Descripteurs
SANTE PUBLIQUE ; VACCINATION ; NOURRISSON ; ANTICORPS ; DOSAGE ; EFFICACITE ; ANALYSE STATISTIQUE ; MENINGITE
Description Géographique
NIGER ; NIAMEY
Localisation
Fonds IRD [F B010016144] ;
Montpellier (Centre IRD)
Identifiant IRD
fdi:010016144
