%0 Journal Article
%9 ACL : Articles dans des revues avec comité de lecture non répertoriées par l'AERES
%A Campagne, G.
%A Garba, A.
%A Schuchat, A.
%A Boulanger, Denis
%A Plikaytis, B.D.
%A Ousseini, M.
%A Chippaux, Jean-Philippe
%T Response to conjugate Haemophilus influenzae B vaccine among infants in Niamey, Niger
%D 1998
%L fdi:010016144
%G ENG
%K SANTE PUBLIQUE ; VACCINATION ; NOURRISSON ; ANTICORPS ; DOSAGE ; EFFICACITE ; ANALYSE STATISTIQUE
%K MENINGITE
%K NIGER ; NIAMEY
%N 5
%P 837-842
%U https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010016144
%> https://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/pleins_textes_7/b_fdi_53-54/010016144.pdf
%V 59
%W Horizon (IRD)
%X Despite near elimination of #Haemophilus influenzae$ b (Hib) meningitis from several industrialized countries following introduction of conjugate Hib vaccines into infant immunization schedules, Hib remains a major cause of meningitis and pneumonia in resource-poor countries. In Niger, Hib causes nearly 200 cases of meningitis per 100,000 children < one year of age, and > 40% of cases are fatal. We evaluated the immunogenicity of Hib polysaccharide-tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine (PRP-T) administered in the same syringe as diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP) vaccine among infants in Niger. Infants were randomized into group 1 (PRP-T at six, 10, and 14 weeks), group 2 (PRP-T at 10 and 14 weeks), or a control group (meningococcal A/C polysaccharide vaccine). By 14 weeks of age, all subjects in groups 1 and 2 had 0.15 or more microg/ml of anti-PRP antibody, and 82% versus 76% had 1.0 or more microg/ml of antibody (P = not significant). By nine months of age the proportion of infants with 0.15 or more and 1.0 or more microg/ml was group 1 = 97% and 76% ; group 2 = 93% and 67% ; controls = 10% and 2.6%. Four weeks after the first, second, and third doses of PRP-T, infants in group 1 showed geometric mean titers (GMTs) of 0.19, 3.97, and 6.09 microg/ml while infants in group 2 had GMTs of 2.40 and 4.41 microg/ml four weeks after the delayed first and second doses. Both PRP-T groups had significantly higher GMTs at 18 weeks and nine months of age than infants in the control group. The Hib PRP-T vaccine was immunogenic in infants in Niger. The strong response after PRP-T was initiated one month after the first DTP vaccination may reflect carrier priming. Two dose schedules of PRP-T should be given serious consideration, particularly if their reduced cost permits vaccine introduction that would be otherwise unaffordable. (Résumé d'auteur)
%$ 052MALTRA05