Van Nguyen D., Harvala H., Ngole E. M., Delaporte Eric, Woolhouse M. E. J., Peeters Martine, Simmonds P. (2014). High rates of infection with novel enterovirus variants in wild populations of mandrills and other old world monkey species. Journal of Virology, 88 (11), p. 5967-5976. ISSN 0022-538X.
Titre du document
High rates of infection with novel enterovirus variants in wild populations of mandrills and other old world monkey species
Van Nguyen D., Harvala H., Ngole E. M., Delaporte Eric, Woolhouse M. E. J., Peeters Martine, Simmonds P.
Source
Journal of Virology, 2014,
88 (11), p. 5967-5976 ISSN 0022-538X
Enteroviruses (EVs) are a genetically and antigenically diverse group of viruses infecting humans. A mostly distinct set of EV variants have additionally been documented to infect wild apes and several, primarily captive, Old World monkey (OWM) species. To investigate the prevalence and genetic characteristics of EVs infecting OWMs in the wild, fecal samples from mandrills (Mandrillus sphinx) and other species collected in remote regions of southern Cameroon were screened for EV RNA. Remarkably high rates of EV positivity were detected in M. sphinx (100 of 102 screened), Cercocebus torquatus (7/7), and Cercopithecus cephus (2/4), with high viral loads indicative of active infection. Genetic characterization in VP4/VP2 and VP1 regions allowed EV variants to be assigned to simian species H (EV-H) and EV-J (including one or more new types), while seven matched simian EV-B variants, SA5 and EV110 (chimpanzee). Sequences from the remaining 70 formed a new genetic group distinct in VP4/2 and VP1 region from all currently recognized human or simian EV species. Complete genome sequences were obtained from three to determine their species assignment. In common with EV-J and the EV-A A13 isolate, new group sequences were chimeric, being most closely related to EV-A in capsid genes and to EV-B in the nonstructural gene region. Further recombination events created different groupings in 5' and 3' untranslated regions. While clearly a distinct EV group, the hybrid nature of new variants prevented their unambiguous classification as either members of a new species or as divergent members of EV-A using current International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) assignment criteria.
