Marine snow morphology drives sinking and attenuation in the ocean interior

2025

Article référencé dans le Web of Science WOS:001530884100001

Soviadan Yawouvi Dodji, Beck M., Habib J., Baudena A., Drago L., Accardo A., Laxenaire R., Speich S., Brandt P., Kiko R., Lars S.

Biogeosciences, 2025, 22 (14), p. 3485-3501 ISSN 1726-4170

Simultaneous measurements of marine snow (particles larger than 600 mu m) morphologies, estimates of their in situ sinking speeds, and midwater attenuation in export plumes were performed for the first time using a biogeochemical (BGC)-Argo float equipped with optical and imaging sensors. The float was deployed and recovered after drifting for 1 year in the sluggish-flow regime of the Angola Basin. Six consecutive chlorophyll a and particulate matter accumulation events were recorded at the surface, each followed by an export plume of sinking aggregates. Objects larger than 600 mu m were classified using machine learning recognition and clustered into four morphological categories of marine aggregates. Plankton images were validated by an expert in a few broad categories. Results show that different types of aggregates were produced and exported from the different blooms. The different morphological categories of marine snow had different sinking speeds and attenuation for a similar size, indicating the effect of morphology on sinking speed. However, a typical size-to-sinking relationship for two of the categories and over the larger observed size range (100 mu m to a few millimeters) was also observed, indicating the importance of size for sinking. Surprisingly, in situ-calculated sinking speeds were constantly in the lower range of known values usually assessed ex situ, suggesting a methodological effect, which is discussed. Moving away from purely size-based velocity relationships and incorporating these additional morphological aggregate properties will help to improve the mechanistic understanding of particle sinking and provide more accurate flux estimates. When used from autonomous platforms at high frequency, they will also provide increased spatio-temporal resolution for the observation of intermittent export events naturally occurring or induced by human activities.

Sciences fondamentales / Techniques d'analyse et de recherche [020] ; Ecologie, systèmes aquatiques [036] ; Télédétection [126]

Fonds IRD [F B010094365]

fdi:010094365