Publications des scientifiques de l'IRD

Kunrat S., Bani Philipson, Haerani N., Saing U. B., Aiuppa A., Syahbana D. K. (2020). First gas and thermal measurements at the frequently erupting Gamalama volcano (Indonesia) reveal a hydrothermally dominated magmatic system. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 407, 107096 [11 p.]. ISSN 0377-0273.

Titre du document
First gas and thermal measurements at the frequently erupting Gamalama volcano (Indonesia) reveal a hydrothermally dominated magmatic system
Année de publication
2020
Type de document
Article référencé dans le Web of Science WOS:000598926500005
Auteurs
Kunrat S., Bani Philipson, Haerani N., Saing U. B., Aiuppa A., Syahbana D. K.
Source
Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 2020, 407, 107096 [11 p.] ISSN 0377-0273
The first gas and thermal measurements at the summit of the Gamalama volcano indicate that the system is dominated by hydrothermal processes. This is highlighted by the prevalence of H2S over SO2 (H2S/SO2 = 2-8), a high CO2/SO2 ratio (76-201), and a low heat transfer (3.0 MW) to the surface. A relative variation in gas composition is observed along the degassing fracture zone, possibly due to partial S scrubbing. Despite this surface hydrothermal signature, the system exhibits high gas equilibrium temperatures (425-480 degrees C), indicating that fluids are not exclusively derived from a boiling hydrothermal aquifer, but also sourced by cooling and crystallizing basaltic magma at deep that continues to inject magmatic fluids into the system. This hydrothermally dominated activity on Gamalama possibly persisted over the last two decades, during which a high number of eruptive events were witnessed. The period coincides with the opening of large fractures at the summit that subsequently shifted the volcanic activity from the crater center to the peripheral fractures zones. These fractures that possibly developed in response to the regional geodynamics, have weakened the hydrothermal seal, allowing the pressure developed by the hydrothermal-magmatic system and promoted by the high annual rainfall, to rapidly exceeds the tensile strength of the seal leading to the numerous phreatic eruptions.
Plan de classement
Hydrologie [062] ; Géophysique interne [066]
Description Géographique
INDONESIE
Localisation
Fonds IRD [F B010080548]
Identifiant IRD
fdi:010080548
Contact