Berthaud Julien. (1996). Strategies for conservation of genetic resources in relation with their utilization. In :
Meeting on tropical plants = Réunion sur les plantes tropicales : communications et posters. Montpellier : CIRAD ; MICAP, p. 1-14. Meeting on Tropical Plants = Réunion sur les Plantes Tropicales, Montpellier (FRA), 1996/03/11-15.
Titre du document
Strategies for conservation of genetic resources in relation with their utilization
Année de publication
1996
Type de document
Colloque
Auteurs
Berthaud Julien
In
Meeting on tropical plants = Réunion sur les plantes tropicales : communications et posters
Source
Montpellier : CIRAD ; MICAP, 1996,
p. 1-14
Colloque
Meeting on Tropical Plants = Réunion sur les Plantes Tropicales, Montpellier (FRA), 1996/03/11-15
The general interest for genetic resources is based on the opportunities offered by their utilization. Genetic resources are a necessary starting point for plant improvement. Up to now, reflection on the management of genetic resources considered a three-step linear model : conservation -> evaluation -> utilisation. In this system, it is expected that genetic resources are kept in a gene bank, in the best possible way, i.e. using methods maintaining over time the initial genetic state of the accessions and conferring them the longest life possible. In this system, important characteristics of conservation of genetic resources are stability and availability. We present a choice of methods of conservation directed to the maintenance of genetic stability of accessions. We present also methods of conservation in relation with the availability of the genetic material for the various utilizations by the plant breeder. Complementary methods are now proposed for the conservation of genetic resources. These methods correspond to a modified version of the linear model, with interactions between conservation, evaluation and utilization. These new methods place less emphasis on the conservation of genetically well defined accessions but promote genetic mechanisms allowing evolution of these accessions. This evolutionary conservation is obtained by management of experimental populations, or by "on-farm" management of landraces, relying on knowledge and activity of farmers, and on local breeding. For the wild relatives of crops, an in situ management is to be considered. Using some examples, we discuss the constraints of these new modes of genetic resources conservation and utilization. (Résumé d'auteur)
Plan de classement
Amélioration des plantes, ressources génétiques [076AMEPLA]
Descripteurs
AMELIORATION DES PLANTES ; CONSERVATION DES RESSOURCES GENETIQUES ; CULTURE IN VITRO ; CONGELATION ; GENIE GENETIQUE ; VARIABILITE GENETIQUE ; PROJET DE RECHERCHE ; METHODE DE CONSERVATION
