D'Mello F., Braidy N., Marcal H., Guillemin G., Rossi F., Chinian M., Laurent Dominique, Teo C., Neilan B. A. (2017). Cytotoxic effects of environmental toxins on human glial cells. Neurotoxicity Research, 31 (2), p. 245-258. ISSN 1029-8428.
Titre du document
Cytotoxic effects of environmental toxins on human glial cells
Année de publication
2017
Auteurs
D'Mello F., Braidy N., Marcal H., Guillemin G., Rossi F., Chinian M., Laurent Dominique, Teo C., Neilan B. A.
Source
Neurotoxicity Research, 2017,
31 (2), p. 245-258 ISSN 1029-8428
Toxins produced by cyanobacteria and dinoflagellates have increasingly become a public health concern due to their degenerative effects on mammalian tissue and cells. In particular, emerging evidence has called attention to the neurodegenerative effects of the cyanobacterial toxin beta-N-methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA). Other toxins such as the neurotoxins saxitoxin and ciguatoxin, as well as the hepatotoxic microcystin, have been previously shown to have a range of effects upon the nervous system. However, the capacity of these toxins to cause neurodegeneration in human cells has not, to our knowledge, been previously investigated. This study aimed to examine the cytotoxic effects of BMAA, microcystin-LR (MC-LR), saxitoxin (STX) and ciguatoxin (CTX-1B) on primary adult human astrocytes. We also demonstrated that alpha-lipoate attenuated MC-LR toxicity in primary astrocytes and characterised changes in gene expression which could potentially be caused by these toxins in primary astrocytes. Herein, we are the first to show that all of these toxins are capable of causing physiological changes consistent with neurodegeneration in glial cells, via oxidative stress and excitotoxicity, leading to a reduction in cell proliferation culminating in cell death. In addition, MC-LR toxicity was reduced significantly in astrocytes-treated alpha-lipoic acid. While there were no significant changes in gene expression, many of the probes that were altered were associated with neurodegenerative disease pathogenesis. Overall, this is important in advancing our current understanding of the mechanism of toxicity of MC-LR on human brain function in vitro, particularly in the context of neurodegeneration.
Plan de classement
Sciences fondamentales / Techniques d'analyse et de recherche [020]
;
Substances naturelles [035]
;
Santé : généralités [050]
Localisation
Fonds IRD [F B010069606]
Identifiant IRD
fdi:010069606
