Fréon Pierre, Durand H., Avadi A., Huaranca S., Moreyra R. O. (2017). Life cycle assessment of three Peruvian fishmeal plants : toward a cleaner production. Journal of Cleaner Production, 145, p. 50-63. ISSN 0959-6526.
Titre du document
Life cycle assessment of three Peruvian fishmeal plants : toward a cleaner production
Fréon Pierre, Durand H., Avadi A., Huaranca S., Moreyra R. O.
Source
Journal of Cleaner Production, 2017,
145, p. 50-63 ISSN 0959-6526
Fishmeal and fish oil are largely used as input to several animal feed industries all around the world, but there is a lack of life cycle assessments (LCAs) on Peruvian fishmeal plants, despite their predominance in the global supply. LCAs where performed on three different types of Peruvian fishmeal plants with the objective of comparing them and suggesting ways of limiting their impacts. The LCA results can be nested into LCAs of animal feed. Two system boundaries were used: one including the fishery and another excluding it in order to enable other practitioners to use our generic life cycle inventory (LCI) data and LCI analysis. The effects of different processing rates and qualities of fishmeal on environmental impacts were compared. We used the SimaPro software, the ecoinvent 2.2 database and the ReCiPe method. In contrast to many LCA studies, the construction and maintenance phases were considered. Despite the predominant impact of the use phase, in particular consumption of fossil energy, these two phases contribute significantly (>10% using the ReCiPe single score) when fishing is excluded from the system boundaries. Furthermore, existing screening LCAs of the use phase largely underestimate (similar to 20%) its environmental impacts. The environmental benefit of using natural gas instead of heavy fuel as energy source, in terms of reduced impacts, is huge, reaching 41% of the ReCiPe single score when fishing is excluded and 30% when included. The comparison of environmental impacts between different qualities of fishmeal shows higher impacts of residual fishmeal, intermediate impact of standard fishmeal and lower impacts of Prime fishmeal, the difference between extreme values being more than twofold. Future studies on other fishmeal and residual fishmeal plants should take into account the construction and maintenance phases, and more items in the use phase than in historical screenings. There is room to decrease the environmental impact of this industry in Peru.
