%0 Journal Article
%9 ACL : Articles dans des revues avec comité de lecture répertoriées par l'AERES
%A Flahaux, Marie-Laurence
%T Reintegrating after return : conceptualisation and empirical evidence from the life course of Senegalese and Congolese migrants
%D 2021
%L fdi:010078989
%G ENG
%J International Migration
%@ 0020-7985
%K SENEGAL ; EUROPE
%K REPUBLIQUE DEMOCRATIQUE DU CONGO
%M ISI:000527092700001
%N 2
%P 148-166
%R 10.1111/imig.12705
%U https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010078989
%> https://www.documentation.ird.fr/intranet/publi/2020/05/010078989.pdf
%V 59
%W Horizon (IRD)
%X The study of reintegration after return is often disconnected from research into the intention and realization of return. This article develops a new conceptual framework, linking the intention and realization of return with the reintegration process. This framework is used to study the cases of Senegalese and Congolese migrants through a mixed-methods approach. Quantitative data from the Migration between Africa and Europe (MAFE) project, which collected the life stories of migrants and return migrants in origin and destination countries, are combined with qualitative interviews with returnees. In line with the conceptual framework, the analyses highlight the role of migrants' projections about their potential reintegration on return as well as the importance for reintegration in the preparation for return. Along with importance of migrants' aspirations, the authors emphasise the role of external factors, such as family and context in origin and destination countries.
%$ 108

%0 Journal Article
%9 ACL : Articles dans des revues avec comité de lecture non répertoriées par l'AERES
%A Flahaux, Marie-Laurence
%T Revisiter la question du retour au prisme du transnationalisme, des trajectoires, des aspirations et des contraintes
%B Transnationaliser le retour : vers une révision du regard sur les migrations de retour contemporaines
%D 2020
%E Lenoël, A.
%E David, A.
%E Maitilasso, A.
%L fdi:010080217
%G FRE
%J Émulations : Revue de Sciences Sociales
%@ 1784-5734
%K MIGRATION ; ANTHROPOLOGIE SOCIALE ; SYSTEME DE REPRESENTATIONS ; DIASPORA ; FAMILLE ; RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE
%K MIGRATION DE RETOUR ; TRANSNATIONALISME ; ETHNOGRAPHIE ; PARCOURS MIGRATOIRE ; CONCEPT
%K AFRIQUE DE L'OUEST ; SENEGAL ; FRANCE
%P 143-150
%R 10.14428/emulations.034.08
%U https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010080217
%> https://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/divers21-02/010080217.pdf
%V 34
%W Horizon (IRD)
%X Dans la conclusion, l'auteure propose une lecture personnelle des diférentes
contributions de ce numéro à travers un double exercice de mise en perspective théorique, en s'appuyant sur ses propres recherches sur les retours en contexte africain.
Dans un premier temps, elle fait ressortir la manière dont les articles mettent en lien les concepts de "retour" et de "transnationalisme". Dans un second temps, à partir d'éléments qui ont particulièrement retenu son attention, elle discute la façon dont la question du retour donne à voir (a) l'articulation entre les trajectoires familiales, matérielles, professionnelles et migratoires des migrants, (b) le décalage entre les aspirations des individus et les contraintes auxquelles ils font face, ainsi que (c) les stratégies qu'ils mettent en place face à ces dernières.
%$ 108MIGRA

%0 Journal Article
%9 ACL : Articles dans des revues avec comité de lecture non répertoriées par l'AERES
%A Beauchemin, C.
%A Flahaux, Marie-Laurence
%A Schoumaker, B.
%T Three sub-Saharan migration systems in times of policy restriction
%D 2020
%L fdi:010078390
%G ENG
%J Comparative Migration Studies
%@ 2214-594X
%K MIGRATION INTERNATIONALE ; HISTOIRE ; BIOGRAPHIE ; RELATIONS NORD SUD ; ANALYSE STATISTIQUE
%K POLITIQUE MIGRATOIRE ; DYNAMIQUE MIGRATOIRE ; MIGRATION DE RETOUR
%K AFRIQUE SUBSAHARIENNE ; GHANA ; SENEGAL ; EUROPE ; BELGIQUE ; FRANCE ; ESPAGNE ; ITALIE ; PAYS BAS ; ROYAUME UNI
%K REPUBLIQUE DEMOCRATIQUE DU CONGO
%P art. no 19 [27 ]
%R 10.1186/s40878-020-0174-y
%U https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010078390
%> https://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/divers20-06/010078390.pdf
%V 8
%W Horizon (IRD)
%X This paper reviews new evidence on the trends and patterns of migration between Africa and Europe since the mid-1970s, and discusses their congruency with the changing context of migration policy. Using data from the Determinants of International Migration (DEMIG) and the Migration between Africa and Europe (MAFE) projects, we compare flows and policies of three African and six European destination countries (Democratic Republic of Congo, Ghana, and Senegal, on the one hand; and Belgium, France, Italy, Spain, the Netherlands, and the UK, on the other). The paper focuses on topics that quantitative studies usually overlook due to the lack of data, namely the propensity to out-migrate, legal status at entry, routes of migration, and propensity to return. We show that times of restrictions in Europe do not correspond to less African out-migration, but rather to more unauthorized migration and fewer returns. We further show that trends in African migration differ greatly between historical and new destination countries in Europe.
%$ 108MIGRA

%0 Journal Article
%9 ACL : Articles dans des revues avec comité de lecture répertoriées par l'AERES
%A Flahaux, Marie-Laurence
%A Wayack-Pambè, M.
%A Soura, A. B.
%A Compaoré, Y.
%A Sanogo, S.
%T Reunifying and separating : an analysis of residential arrangements of migrant couples in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
%D 2020
%L fdi:010077385
%G ENG
%J Population Space and Place
%@ 1544-8444
%K family reunification ; living apart together ; migration ; mixed methods ; residential arrangements ; urbanisation ; Ouagadougou
%K BURKINA FASO ; OUAGADOUGOU
%M ISI:000500589200001
%N 4
%P art. e2287 [16 ]
%R 10.1002/psp.2287
%U https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010077385
%> https://www.documentation.ird.fr/intranet/publi/2019/12/010077385.pdf
%V 26
%W Horizon (IRD)
%X This paper offers new evidence on the residential arrangements of couples in the context of migration and urbanisation in Africa, focusing on the case of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso's capital city. We use a mixed-methods approach, combining data from a survey on the family histories of migrants merged with data from the Ouagadougou Health and Demographic Surveillance System and qualitative interviews. The objective is to analyse how the migrants themselves perceive "living apart together", the extent of this phenomenon, its timing, and the factors influencing it. The longitudinal nature of our data specifically allows for the study of the drivers of couple reunification in Ouagadougou and of the physical separation of partners, whereby one goes to live away from Ouagadougou. Our results reveal that 25% of migrants in a union had a partner living outside Ouagadougou in 2015, and that the residential arrangements of such couples were associated with gender relations, family cycle, and integration into the city.
%$ 108 ; 102

%0 Book Section
%9 OS CH : Chapitres d'ouvrages scientifiques
%A Flahaux, Marie-Laurence
%T L'utilisation du terme "vulnérabilité" par l'Organisation Internationale pour les Migrations
%B La vulnérabilité à l'encontre des idées reçues
%C Marseille
%D 2020
%E Adjamagbo, Agnès
%E Gastineau, Bénédicte
%E Golaz, V.
%E Ouattara, Fatoumata
%L fdi:010078707
%G FRE
%I LPED
%@ 979-10-967630-8-5
%K MIGRATION ; ORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE
%K VULNERABILITE ; RECHERCHE PLURIDISCIPLINAIRE ; CONCEPT ; TRANSIT ; CHANGEMENT CLIMATIQUE ; GESTION DU RISQUE
%K PAYS DU SUD
%N 6
%P 14-22
%U https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010078707
%> https://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/divers20-09/010078707.pdf
%W Horizon (IRD)
%S Les Impromptus du LPED
%$ 108MIGRA

%0 Journal Article
%9 ACL : Articles dans des revues avec comité de lecture répertoriées par l'AERES
%A De Haas, H.
%A Czaika, M.
%A Flahaux, Marie-Laurence
%A Mahendra, E.
%A Natter, K.
%A Vezzoli, S.
%A Villares-Varela, M.
%T International migration : trends, determinants, and policy effects
%D 2019
%L fdi:010081743
%G ENG
%J Population and Development Review
%@ 0098-7921
%K MONDE
%N 4
%P 885-922
%R 10.1111/padr.12291
%U https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010081743
%> https://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/2021-08/010081743.pdf
%V 15
%W Horizon (IRD)
%X This paper synthesizes insights from new global data on the effectiveness of migration policies. It investigates the complex links between migration policies and migration trends to disentangle policy effects from structural migration determinants. The analysis challenges two central assumptions underpinning the popular idea that migration restrictions have failed to curb migration. First, post WWII global migration levels have not accelerated, but remained relatively stable while most shifts in migration patterns have been directional. Second, post WWII migration policies have generally liberalized despite political rhetoric suggesting the contrary. While migration policies are generally effective, "substitution effects" can limit their effectiveness, or even make them counterproductive, by geographically diverting migration, interrupting circulation, encouraging unauthorized migration, or prompting "now or never" migration surges. These effects expose fundamental policy dilemmas and highlight the importance of understanding the economic, social, and political trends that shape migration in sometimes counterintuitive, but powerful, ways that largely lie beyond the reach of migration policies.
%$ 108MIGRA ; 114SCIPO

%0 Journal Article
%9 ACL : Articles dans des revues avec comité de lecture répertoriées par l'AERES
%A Nappa, J.
%A Schoumaker, B.
%A Phongi, A.
%A Flahaux, Marie-Laurence
%T Difficultés économiques et transformation des unions à Kinshasa
%D 2019
%L fdi:010076887
%G FRE
%J Population
%@ 0032-4663
%K KINSHASA
%K REPUBLIQUE DEMOCRATIQUE DU CONGO
%M ISI:000499626800004
%N 3
%P 273-298
%R 10.3917/popu.1903.0273
%U https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010076887
%> https://www.documentation.ird.fr/intranet/publi/depot/2019-11-19/010076887.pdf
%V 74
%W Horizon (IRD)
%X Les débats sur les dynamiques des changements démographiques en Afrique subsaharienne opposent deux grilles de lecture de la baisse de la fécondité et du recul de la nuptialité : la plus classique l'associe aux progrès socioéconomiques, tandis que la grille alternative suppose que la détérioration des conditions de vie nécessite des ajustements contraints de la fécondité et de la nuptialité. Suivant cette seconde hypothèse, les auteurs s'interrogent sur les changements des pratiques matrimoniales dans la ville de Kinshasa (RDC) en proie à des problèmes économiques majeurs depuis de nombreuses années. L'analyse réalisée à l'échelle individuelle à partir des données biographiques de l'enquête Mafe répond à la question du rôle de la précarisation économique sur le recul de l'intensité et du calendrier du mariage.
%$ 108DEMOG2 ; 102URBHA1 ; 094CONSO

%0 Journal Article
%9 ACL : Articles dans des revues avec comité de lecture répertoriées par l'AERES
%A Flahaux, Marie-Laurence
%A Vezzoli, S.
%T Examining the role of border closure and post-colonial ties in Caribbean migration
%D 2018
%L fdi:010073620
%G ENG
%J Migration Studies
%@ 2049-5838
%K migration ; borders ; open borders ; post-colonial ties ; Caribbean
%K CARAIBE
%M ISI:000438243400001
%N 2
%P 165-186
%R 10.1093/migration/mnx034
%U https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010073620
%> https://www.documentation.ird.fr/intranet/publi/2018/07/010073620.pdf
%V 6
%W Horizon (IRD)
%X This article analyses the role of border regimes and post-colonial ties in Caribbean migration between 1960 and 2010. Over this period, 18 out of 25 countries in the Caribbean region have experienced the closure of borders by their former colonial state, while the remaining seven former colonies have retained open borders with their metropolitan state. In view of the academic and policy debate about the effects of border restrictions, the Caribbean region allows the comparison of emigration volumes and migration destination selection from Caribbean countries with both closed and open borders. Moreover, because the Caribbean region was colonised by Britain, France, the Netherlands and the United States, we examine whether post-colonial ties influence long-term Caribbean emigration, allowing migrants to overcome border regime restrictions. The article finds that countries with closed borders with the former colonial state do not experience a decrease but rather a strong increase in long-term emigration. In fact, emigration gradually regains strength after border closure as migration channels to new destinations develop. Thus, border closure seems to encourage a weakening of 'post-colonial' migration patterns through the diversification of emigration towards destinations other than the former colonial state and its former colonies. Conversely, the increase of emigration from countries with open borders has decelerated and generally remained concentrated towards countries within the free-movement colonial sphere. This suggests that the post-colonial migration patterns may be associated with continuous open borders as much as with cultural and linguistic connections.
%$ 108 ; 112

%0 Unpublished Work
%9 AP : Autres productions
%A De Haas, H.
%A Czaika, M.
%A Flahaux, Marie-Laurence
%A Mahendra, E.
%A Natter, K.
%A Vezzoli, S.
%A Villares‐Varela, M.
%T International migration : trends, determinants and policy effects
%C Oxford
%D 2018
%L fdi:010078391
%G ENG
%I IMI
%K MIGRATION INTERNATIONALE ; HISTOIRE ; EVOLUTION ; RELATIONS NORD SUD ; CONFLIT POLITIQUE ; INEGALITE SOCIALE ; PAUVRETE ; MARCHE DU TRAVAIL ; ANALYSE STATISTIQUE ; ANALYSE DIACHRONIQUE
%K POLITIQUE MIGRATOIRE ; DYNAMIQUE MIGRATOIRE
%K MONDE
%N 142
%P 59  multigr.
%U https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010078391
%> https://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/divers20-06/010078391.pdf
%W Horizon (IRD)
%X What have been the main trends and drivers of international migration over the last century,
and to what extent have migration policies been effective in shaping the volume, direction,
timing, and selection of immigration and emigration? This paper reviews the insights on
migration trends, determinants and policy effects gained through the DEMIG (Determinants
of International Migration) project. Questioning popular perceptions of accelerating
international migration, the increase in global migration has remained proportional to the
increase in world population. The main migratory shifts in the second half of the twentieth
century have been directional, particularly through the decline of Europe as an area of origin
and the emergence of Europe and the Gulf as new global destinations. This shift in migration
movements towards Europe has been associated by an overall liberalisation of migration
policies, which have increasingly focused on the selecting of migrants rather than controlling
numbers per se. Most rules around legal entry, stay and exit of migrants have been relaxed,
but a combination of visa and border control policies have served to prevent the entry of
asylum seekers and other "unwanted" migrants. Our analysis shows that it would therefore be
excessive to conclude that borders are "beyond control" (cf. Bhagwati 2003), and that
migration policies are generally effective. Yet several "substitution effects" limit or undermine
the effectiveness of migration controls by (1) redirecting migration through other
geographical routes and destinations (spatial substitution), (2) diverting migration through
other legal and unauthorized channels (categorical substitution), (3) "now or never"
migration surges in anticipation of restrictions (intertemporal substitution) and (4)
discouraging return and interrupting circulation (reverse flow substitution). These expose
fundamental policy dilemmas as well as the importance to look beyond migration policies.
Our results show the importance of accounting for the complex and often counterintuitive
ways in which structural social, economic, and political factors affect migration in mostly
indirect, but powerful ways that largely lie beyond the reach of migration policies.
%$ 108MIGRA

%0 Journal Article
%9 ACL : Articles dans des revues avec comité de lecture non répertoriées par l'AERES
%A Flahaux, Marie-Laurence
%T Home, sweet home ? The effect of return migration support mechanisms on reintegration
%B Les migrations de retour en Afrique
%D 2017
%E Flahaux, Marie-Laurence
%E Eggerickx, T.
%E Schoumaker, B.
%L fdi:010069952
%G ENG
%J Espace, Populations, Sociétés
%@ 0755-7809
%K MIGRATION INTERNATIONALE ; STATUT SOCIOECONOMIQUE ; INTEGRATION SOCIALE ; POLITIQUE SOCIALE ; ENQUETE
%K MIGRATION DE RETOUR
%K SENEGAL
%K REPUBLIQUE DEMOCRATIQUE DU CONGO
%N 1
%P art. no 7118 [17  en ligne]
%U https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010069952
%> https://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/divers17-06/010069952.pdf
%W Horizon (IRD)
%X Based on 68 qualitative interviews carried out in Senegal and DR Congo with beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries of programs assisting migrants after their return to their origin country, this article investigates how these programs affect the reintegration of those migrants. It uses an original approach, combining a qualitative thematic analysis of the interviews with a quantitative assessment of the economic, psychosocial and physical dimensions of the reintegration experience. The analyses show that institutional assistance provided after return does not have a positive influence on the return migrants’ reintegration. The research brings new empirical evidence to policy makers, demonstrating that when migrants do not return voluntarily, when they have not prepared their return on their own, and particularly when the context in their origin country is not stable, the chances of successful reintegration are low, even if institutional assistance after return is provided.
%$ 108MIGRA

%0 Journal Article
%9 ACL : Articles dans des revues avec comité de lecture répertoriées par l'AERES
%A Flahaux, Marie-Laurence
%T The role of migration policy changes in Europe for return migration to Senegal
%D 2017
%L fdi:010070400
%G ENG
%J International Migration Review
%@ 1747-7379
%K SENEGAL ; FRANCE ; ITALIE ; ESPAGNE
%M ISI:000417916600010
%N 4
%P 868-892
%U https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010070400
%> https://www.documentation.ird.fr/intranet/publi/depot/2018-09-19/010070400.pdf
%V 51
%W Horizon (IRD)
%X This study questions the role of migration policy changes in France, Italy, and Spain for return migration to Senegal, by analyzing biographic data from the Migration between Africa and Europe (MAFE-Senegal) survey and the contextual data of the Determinants of International Migration (DEMIG) VISA and DEMIG POLICY databases that cover major changes in migration policies in these destination countries for the different categories of migrants. Event history logistic regressions reveal that Senegalese migrants are less likely to return when the entry restrictions have become tighter. This result suggests that the decision to return depends on the possibility of migrating again after the return, which is crucial for both theory and policy regarding Western democracies' attempts to regulate migration.
%$ 108

%0 Journal Article
%9 ACL : Articles dans des revues avec comité de lecture répertoriées par l'AERES
%A Vezzoli, S.
%A Flahaux, Marie-Laurence
%T How do post-colonial ties and migration regimes shape travel visa requirements ? The case of Caribbean nationals
%D 2017
%L fdi:010069476
%G ENG
%J Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies
%@ 1369-183X
%K Travel visa determinants ; visa policies ; post-colonial ties ; migration ; regimes ; Caribbean
%K CARAIBE
%M ISI:000399331800006
%N 7
%P 1141-1163
%R 10.1080/1369183x.2016.1228446
%U https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010069476
%> https://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/divers17-05/010069476.pdf
%V 43
%W Horizon (IRD)
%X Travel visa requirements are generally recognised as the result of a trade-off between preventing irregular migration, ensuring security and allowing potential economic benefits to countries. The role of history has been overlooked. This article focuses on the Caribbean, a region heavily influenced by colonialism, which experienced important changes in political status and migration policies over the twentieth century. Using bilateral travel visa requirement data, we examine the importance of two travel visa determinants: post-colonial ties and the migration regimes established by the former colonial state after independence. We show that post-colonial ties explain patterns of travel visa requirements for France, the Netherlands and the US, but less for Britain and British-sphere Caribbean countries, revealing the less uniform and changing role of post-colonial ties. Travel visa requirements largely reinforce migration regimes types, so that Caribbean citizens from countries with a closed migration regime also experienced reduced travel opportunities. This reveals a perception that when the former colonial state limits migration opportunities, it might lead to travel, and potential overstaying, in other destinations. These findings provide new evidence of the relevance of colonial history and migration policies with the former colonial state in shaping travel opportunities of citizens of former colonies.
%$ 108

%0 Edited Book
%9 DO : Directions d'ouvrages ou de revues
%A Flahaux, Marie-Laurence
%A Eggerickx, T.
%A Schoumaker, B.
%T Les migrations de retour en Afrique [Editorial]
%D 2017
%L fdi:010069951
%G FRE
%J Espace, Populations, Sociétés
%@ 0755-7809
%K ANTHROPOLOGIE SOCIALE ; MIGRATION INTERNATIONALE ; INTEGRATION SOCIALE
%K MIGRATION DE RETOUR
%K AFRIQUE ; EGYPTE ; KENYA ; NIGER ; SENEGAL ; TUNISIE
%K REPUBLIQUE DEMOCRATIQUE DU CONGO
%N 1
%P 7079 [5  en ligne]
%R 10.4000/eps.7079
%U https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010069951
%> https://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/divers17-06/010069951.pdf
%W Horizon (IRD)
%$ 108MIGRA

%0 Journal Article
%9 ACL : Articles dans des revues avec comité de lecture non répertoriées par l'AERES
%A Flahaux, Marie-Laurence
%A De Haas, H.
%T African migration : trends, patterns, drivers
%D 2016
%L fdi:010070401
%G ENG
%J Comparative Migration Studies
%@ 2214-8590
%K MIGRATION INTERNATIONALE ; EMIGRATION ; EVOLUTION ; SYSTEME DE REPRESENTATIONS ; CHANGEMENT SOCIAL ; DEVELOPPEMENT ECONOMIQUE ; PERIODE POSTCOLONIALE
%K AFRIQUE ; EUROPE ; AMERIQUE DU NORD
%N 1
%P [25  en ligne]
%R 10.1186/s40878-015-0015-6
%U https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010070401
%> https://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/divers17-07/010070401.pdf
%V 4
%W Horizon (IRD)
%X Africa is often seen as a continent of mass migration and displacement caused by poverty, violent conflict and environmental stress. Yet such perceptions are based on stereotypes rather than theoretically informed empirical research. Drawing on the migration and visa databases from the Determinants of International Migration (DEMIG project) and the Global Bilateral Migration Database (GBMD), this paper explores the evolution and drivers of migration within, towards and from Africa in the post-colonial period. Contradicting common ideas of Africa as a ‘continent on the move', the analysis shows that intra-African migration intensities have gone down. This may be related to state formation and the related imposition of barriers towards free movement in the wake of decolonisation as well as the concomitant rise of nationalism and inter-state tensions. While African migration remains overwhelmingly intra-continental, since the late 1980s there has been an acceleration and spatial diversification (beyond colonial patterns) of emigration out of Africa to Europe, North America, the Gulf and Asia. This diversification of African emigration seems partly driven by the introduction of visa and other immigration restrictions by European states. Contradicting conventional interpretations of African migration being essentially driven by poverty, violence and underdevelopment, increasing migration out of Africa seems rather to be driven by processes of development and social transformation which have increased Africans' capabilities and aspirations to migrate, a trend which is likely to continue in the future.
%$ 108MIGRA ; 095DEVEL

%0 Journal Article
%9 ACL : Articles dans des revues avec comité de lecture répertoriées par l'AERES
%A Flahaux, Marie-Laurence
%T Intention et réalisation de migration de retour au Sénégal et en République démocratique du Congo
%D 2015
%L fdi:010070409
%G ENG
%J Population
%@ 0032-4663
%K MIGRATION INTERNATIONALE ; STATUT SOCIOECONOMIQUE ; INTEGRATION SOCIALE ; POLITIQUE SOCIALE ; HISTOIRE DE VIE
%K MIGRATION DE RETOUR
%K SENEGAL
%K REPUBLIQUE DEMOCRATIQUE DU CONGO
%N 1
%P 103-133
%R 10.3917/popu.1501.0103
%U https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010070409
%> https://www.documentation.ird.fr/intranet/publi/depot/2017-07-25/010070409.pdf
%V 70
%W Horizon (IRD)
%X A partir des données biographiques du projet MAFE collectées à la fois auprès de migrants pendant leur séjour en Europe et de migrants de retour dans leur pays d'origine, cet article analyse, d'une part, l'intention initiale de retour des Sénégalais et des Congolais qui ont migré en Europe et, d'autre part, la réalisation de cette intention. Les résultats révèlent qu'au moment de leur arrivée, les individus envisagent de retourner dans leur pays d'origine avec l'objectif d'acquérir des ressources qu'ils pourront valoriser dans leur pays après leur retour. Cependant, si la situation dans le pays d'origine se dégrade fortement, comme c'est le cas en République démocratique du Congo à partir des années 1990, les migrants préfèrent s'établir définitivement en Europe. En outre, plus il est difficile de migrer en Europe et moins les migrants ont l'intention de rentrer. Enfin, la détérioration du contexte politique et économique dans les pays d'origine et les politiques migratoires restrictives des pays d'accueil découragent le retour de migrants qui avaient l'intention de rentrer dans leur pays d'origine au moment de leur arrivée en Europe.
%$ 108MIGRA