Alcantara M. A. M. auteur aut IRD Rossini B. C. auteur aut IRD Silvestre M. A. D. auteur aut IRD Guyot Romain auteur aut IRD Garavito A. auteur aut IRD Alves P. F. auteur aut IRD Alonso D. P. auteur aut IRD Ribolla P. E. M. auteur aut IRD de Moraes M. L. T. auteur aut IRD Marino C. L. auteur aut IRD text journalArticle eng text/pdf reformatted digital access Genetic diversity is critical for adaptability and resilience in response to environmental pressures, especially considering that human activities have drastically reduced natural populations. The endemic South American species, Myarcrodruon urundeuva (aroeira, Anacardiaceae), is found in the Caatinga dry forest, Brazilian Savanna, Atlantic Forest, and Pantanal Wetland biomes and has suffered from population reduction due to overexploitation of its wood. This study analyzed the genetic diversity of M. urundeuva across biomes and transition zones in Brazil using ddRADseq sequencing. Samples from 115 individuals and 12 populations were sequenced, generating 1427 informative SNP markers. The average allelic richness was 1227 for the 12 populations, and the inbreeding coefficient (Fis) ranged from 0.001 to 0.196. Notably, the Caatinga dry forest biome populations displayed a highly differentiated cluster. Clustering analysis indicates that genetic diversity patterns from other populations also show distinct population structures with significant differences in its distribution. These findings highlight the need for further research in northeastern Brazil and emphasize the importance of genetic diversity in conservation planning. Therefore, strategies that integrate conservation and molecular analyses are essential to safeguard M. urundeuva's diversity and adaptability. specialized Brazilian biomes genetic diversity conservation strategies biome-specific adaptation NGS sequencing BRESIL 076 082 15 10 1505 [23 p.] 2026 2223-7747 https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010097349 10.3390/plants15101505 2223-7747 [F B010097349] https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010097349 https://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/2026-07/010097349.pdf IRD - Base Horizon / Pleins textes 2026-07-09 2026-07-09 fdi:010097349 fre