@article{fdi:010095493,
  title = {{E}tiology and epidemiology of respiratory infections in community-based influenza-like illness during the {COVID}-19 pandemic, {V}ientiane, {L}ao {P}eople's {D}emocratic {R}epublic},
  author = {{B}onguili, {N}. {C}. {B}. and {M}ombo, {I}. {M}. and {L}enguiya, {L}. {H}. and {L}attaphasavang, {V}. and {P}abouriboune, {P}. and {D}eharo, {E}ric and {F}ritz, {M}. and {L}yelet, {J}. {E}. {D}. and {E}lguero, {E}ric and {K}oukouikila-{K}oussounda, {F}. and {M}ayengue, {P}. {I}. and {L}eroy, {E}ric and {N}iama, {R}. {F}. and {L}ocatelli, {S}abrina},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{O}bjectives: {R}espiratory infections pose an ongoing global public health burden, with multiple viral and bacterial etiologies. {T}his study aimed to characterize the etiology of influenza-like illness ({ILI}) during the {COVID}-19 pandemic in a community cohort in {V}ientiane, {L}ao {P}eople's {D}emocratic {R}epublic ({L}ao {PDR}). {M}ethods: {F}rom {S}eptember 2021 to {A}pril 2022, 6300 individuals from 999 households in 25 villages were enrolled in a prospective surveillance study. {O}ropharyngeal swabs were collected from {ILI} cases and tested for {SARS}-{C}o{V}-2 using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and for 21 additional respiratory pathogens using a multiplex panel. {R}esults: {A}mong 462 samples analyzed, 360 (77.92%) were positive for at least one pathogen, including 338 viral and 79 bacterial infections. {SARS}-{C}o{V}-2 was predominant (67.53%), followed by {S}taphylococcus aureus (12.55%), human rhinovirus (6.93%), and {S}treptococcus pneumoniae (5.41%). {S}easonal viruses, such as influenza {A}/{B}, respiratory syncytial virus, human parainfluenza virus, and human metapneumovirus were notably absent. {C}o-infections occurred in 21.21% of cases, with lower rates among {SARS}-{C}o{V}-2-positive individuals. {C}onclusions: {T}hese findings highlight the dominance of {SARS}-{C}o{V}-2 and the suppression of typical seasonal viruses, likely due to public health measures and viral interference. {T}he results emphasize the importance of multiplex, community-level surveillance to understand respiratory pathogen dynamics and to strengthen preparedness in resource-limited settings.},
  keywords = {{R}espiratory infections ; {I}nfluenza-like illness ; {C}o-infections ; {SARS}-{C}o{V}-2 ; {C}ommunity surveillance ; {L}ao {PDR} ; {LAOS} ; {VENTIANE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{I}nternational {J}ournal of {I}nfectious {D}iseases},
  volume = {161},
  numero = {},
  pages = {108079 [8 ]},
  ISSN = {1201-9712},
  year = {2025},
  DOI = {10.1016/j.ijid.2025.108079},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010095493},
}