@article{fdi:010095309,
  title = {{A}cute exposure to environmental doses of di-n-butyl phthalate but not di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate induces mortality in isolated and cold-stressed workers of {B}ombus terrestris {L}. ({H}ymenoptera : {A}pidae)},
  author = {{D}ewaele, {J}. and {J}aval, {M}arion and {P}inchon, {A}. and {E}vrard, {D}. and {H}autek{\`e}ete, {N}. and {M}ichez, {D}. and {C}uvillier, {V}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{S}ince the past decades, declining trends in bee populations have been reported worldwide. {A}mong multiple anthropogenic factors, endocrine disruptors, such as phthalates, could negatively affect bees and contribute to this decline at environmental level of exposure. {Y}et, no data are available on phthalate toxicity in bees. {D}i-2-ethylhexyl phthalate ({DEHP}) and di-n-butyl phthalate ({D}n{BP}), widely used as plasticisers and adjuvants, are some of the most commonly recorded phthalates in the environment, including on social bee worker cuticles. {I}n this study, we investigated {D}n{BP} and {DEHP} lethal effects on {B}. terrestris workers after contact exposure to environmentally relevant single-molecule and mixture treatments. {I}nteractions with cold stress and social context were additionally investigated. {F}irstly, we evidenced for the first time an {NMDRC} for {D}n{BP} toxicity in bees, with an increased mortality of 25 %, 72 h after exposure. {B}y contrast, {DEHP} did not affect worker survival and even lowered {D}n{BP} toxicity when administered as a mixture. {S}econdly, {D}n{BP} at low environmental doses enhanced worker resistance to cold stress, while exposure to cold stress modulated {D}n{BP} toxicity, shifting the onset of adverse effects to higher concentrations. {F}inally, we evidenced that social contacts mitigate {D}n{BP} toxicity. {O}verall, this study provided the first evidence of the detrimental effects caused by these overlooked pollutants on bees, and discusses potential metabolic disruption by phthalate exposure that may affect crucial life traits in bumblebees. {F}inally, this study highlighted that accounting for complex realistic mixtures and the social context of the studied species seems essential for accurately assessing the toxicity of endocrine disrupting molecules.},
  keywords = {{P}lasticisers ; {L}ethal effects ; {I}nsects ; {NMDR} ; {C}hemical mixture ; {EUROPE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{E}nvironmental {R}esearch},
  volume = {286},
  numero = {1},
  pages = {122836 [12 p.]},
  ISSN = {0013-9351},
  year = {2025},
  DOI = {10.1016/j.envres.2025.122836},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010095309},
}