@article{fdi:010095290,
  title = {{T}he viscosity of multiphase lava : new insights from integrating laboratory and field measurements},
  author = {{H}arris, {M}. {A}. and {K}olzenburg, {S}. and {C}hevrel, {M}agdalena {O}ryaelle},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{L}aboratory measurements on remelted rocks are the standard technique for characterizing the rheology of lava at eruptive temperatures. {T}his approach enables precise measurements but struggles to recreate natural emplacement conditions. {P}articularly, lavas erupt as multiphase suspensions (melt + crystals + bubbles), but current laboratory methods cannot retain bubbles, and experiments are limited to two-phase (melt+crystals) suspensions. {T}he oxygen fugacity of lavas is known to influence the kinetics of crystallization, and despite its importance, few studies have considered this factor to date. {T}he only available technique to measure the three-phase viscosity of natural lava is through in-situ measurements while it is flowing. {H}ere, we present the first study that integrates viscosity data from laboratory-derived single (melt) and two-phase (melt+crystals) measurements with data from three-phase (melt + crystals + bubbles) field measurements, using the 2023 {L}itli-{H}r & uacute;tur eruption in {I}celand as a case study. {W}e present a rheological characterization of the remelted lava during crystallization at thermomechanical equilibrium and disequilibrium at log f{O}(2) = -8.7, and deformation rates of 3.3 s(-1). {T}hese bubble-free laboratory experiments were designed to overlap with field temperatures (1150-1165 degrees {C}), enabling direct comparison with the in-situ three-phase field viscosities. {W}e find laboratory and field data overlap in viscosity space (10(2.5) to 10(4.5) {P}a s) and at cooling rates of 0.5-1 degrees {C}/min. {I}sothermal experiments successfully recreate crystal phases and volumes comparable to natural samples (similar to 20-50 vol.% crystals). {T}his comparison allows the first field validation for laboratory measurements of the effective viscosity of natural lava.},
  keywords = {{L}ava ; {R}heology ; {M}ultiphase suspensions ; {I}celandic basalts ; {E}ffusive volcanism ; {ISLANDE} ; {LITLI} {HRUTUR}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{E}arth and {P}lanetary {S}cience {L}etters},
  volume = {671},
  numero = {},
  pages = {119642 [13 ]},
  ISSN = {0012-821{X}},
  year = {2025},
  DOI = {10.1016/j.epsl.2025.119642},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010095290},
}