@article{fdi:010094967,
  title = {{A} worldwide aerosol phenomenology : elemental and organic carbon in {PM}2.5 and {PM}10},
  author = {{P}utaud, {J}. {P}. and {C}avalli, {F}. and {Y}ttri, {K}. {E}. and {C}how, {J}. {C}. and {W}atson, {J}. {G}. and {S}inha, {B}. and {V}enkataraman, {C}. and {I}kemori, {F}. and {J}affrezo, {J}. {L}. and {U}zu, {G}a{\¨e}lle and {M}oreno, {I}. and {K}rejci, {R}. and {L}aj, {P}. and {G}upta, {T}. and {H}u, {M}. and {K}im, {S}. {W}. and {M}ayol-{B}racero, {O}. and {Q}uinn, {P}. and {A}as, {W}. and {A}lastuey, {A}. and {A}ndrade, {M}. and {A}ngelucci, {M}. and {A}nurag, {G}. and {B}eukes, {J}. {P}. and {B}hardwaj, {A}. and {C}hatterjee, {A}. and {C}haudhary, {P}. and {C}hhangani, {A}. {K}. and {C}onil, {S}. and {D}egorska, {A}. and {D}evaliya, {S}. and {D}handapani, {A}. and {D}uhan, {S}. {S}. and {D}umka, {U}. {C}. and {H}abib, {G}. and {H}amzavi, {Z}. and {H}aswani, {D}. and {H}errmann, {H}. and {H}olubova, {A}. and {H}ueglin, {C}. and {I}mran, {M}. and {J}ehangir, {A}. and {K}apoor, {T}. {S}. and {K}aranasiou, {A}. and {K}haiwal, {R}. and {K}im, {J}. and {K}olesa, {T}. and {K}ozakiewicz, {J}. and {K}ranjc, {I}. and {L}aura, {J}. {S}. and {L}ian, {Y}. and {L}iu, {J}. {W}. and {M}anwani, {P}. and {M}ardoñez-{B}alderrama, {V}. and {M}articorena, {B}. and {M}atsuki, {A}. and {M}or, {S}. and {M}ukherjee, {S}. and {M}urthy, {S}. and {M}uthalagu, {A}. and {N}ajar, {T}. {A}. and {K}umar, {R}. {N}. and {P}andithurai, {G}. and {P}erez, {N}. and {P}hairuang, {W}. and {P}huleria, {H}. {C}. and {P}oulain, {L}. and {P}rasad, {L}. and {P}ullokaran, {D}. and {Q}adri, {A}. {M}. and {Q}ureshi, {A}. and {R}amírez, {O}. and {R}oy, {S}. and {R}üdiger, {J}. and {S}aikia, {B}. {K}. and {S}aikia, {P}. and {S}auvage, {S}. and {S}avvides, {C}. and {S}harma, {R}. and {S}ingh, {T}. and {S}ingh, {G}. {K}. and {S}poor, {R}. and {S}rivastava, {A}. {K}. and {R}aman, {R}. {S}. and {V}an {Z}yl, {P}. {G}. and {V}ecchiocattivi, {M}. and {V}oiron, {C}{\'e}line and {X}in, {J}. {Y}. and {Y}adav, {K}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{E}lemental carbon ({EC}), organic carbon ({OC}), and particulate matter ({PM}) concentrations in the inhalable ({PM}10) and fine ({PM}2.5) size fractions are measured worldwide, albeit with different analytical methods. {T}hese measurements from many researchers were collected and analyzed for {A}frica, {A}merica, {A}sia, and {E}urope for 2012-2019. {EC}/{PM}, {OC}/{PM}, and {OC}/{EC} ratios were examined based on region, site type, and season to infer potential sources and impacts. {T}hese analyses demonstrate that carbonaceous materials are important {PM} constituents throughout the world. {M}ean {EC}/{PM} ratios were lowest in {PM}10 in {S}ahelian {A}frica and {E}urope (similar to 0.01), highest (>0.07) in {PM}2.5 at urban sites in {N}orth {A}merica, {S}outh {A}merica, and {J}apan. {M}ean {OC}/{PM} ratios were lowest in {PM}10 in the {S}ahel (similar to 0.06) and in {PM}2.5 in {C}hina and {T}hailand (0.10), and highest in central and eastern {E}urope (similar to 0.3) and {N}orth {A}merica (similar to 0.4). {OC}/{EC} ratios were elevated in western and northern {E}urope, and at regional background sites in {N}orth {A}merica. {EC}/{PM} increased with {PM}10 in {T}hailand, while {OC}/{PM} increased with higher {PM} mass in {T}hailand, {I}ndia, and {N}orth {A}merica, highlighting the specific contribution of carbonaceous aerosols to {PM} pollution in these regions. {A}t {E}uropean and {N}orth {A}merican background sites, {OC}/{EC} ratios increased with {PM} mass. {H}igher {OC}/{EC} ratios in dry periods indicate influence of wildfires, prescribed burns, and secondary aerosol formation. {E}levated wintertime {EC}/{PM} ratios coincide with residential heating in temperate climate zones.},
  keywords = {{MONDE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{A}tmospheric {E}nvironment},
  volume = {358},
  numero = {},
  pages = {121338 [23 p.]},
  ISSN = {1352-2310},
  year = {2025},
  DOI = {10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121338},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010094967},
}