@article{fdi:010094307,
  title = {{A}dvancing ocean monitoring and knowledge for societal benefit : the urgency to expand {A}rgo to {O}ne{A}rgo by 2030},
  author = {{T}hierry, {V}. and {C}laustre, {H}. and de {F}ommervault, {O}. {P}. and {Z}ilberman, {N}. and {J}ohnson, {K}. {S}. and {K}ing, {B}. {A}. and {W}ijffels, {S}. {E}. and {B}haskar, {U}tvs and {B}almaseda, {M}. {A}. and {B}elbeoch, {M}. and {B}ollard, {M}. and {B}outin, {J}. and {B}oyd, {P}. and {C}ancou{\¨e}t, {R}. and {C}hai, {F}. and {C}iavatta, {S}. and {C}rane, {R}. and {C}ravatte, {S}ophie and {D}all'{O}lmo, {G}. and {D}esbruy{\`e}res, {D}. and {D}urack, {P}. {J}. and {F}assbender, {A}. {J}. and {F}ennel, {K}. and {F}ujii, {Y}. and {G}asparin, {F}lorent and {G}onzález-{S}antana, {A}. and {G}ourcuff, {C}. and {G}ray, {A}. and {H}ewitt, {H}. {T}. and {J}ayne, {S}. {R}. and {J}ohnson, {G}. {C}. and {K}olodziejczyk, {N}. and {L}e {B}oyer, {A}. and {L}e {T}raon, {P}. {Y}. and {L}lovel, {W}. and {L}ozier, {M}. {S}. and {L}yman, {J}. {M}. and {M}c{D}onagh, {E}. {L}. and {M}artin, {A}. {P}. and {M}eyssignac, {B}. and {M}ogensen, {K}. {S}. and {M}orris, {T}. and {O}ke, {P}. {R}. and {S}mith, {W}. {O}., {J}r. and {O}wens, {B}. and {P}offa, {N}. and {P}ost, {J}. and {R}oemmich, {D}. and {R}ykaczewski, {R}. {R}. and {S}athyendranath, {S}. and {S}canderbeg, {M}. and {S}cheurle, {C}. and {S}chofield, {O}. and von {S}chuckmann, {K}. and {S}course, {J}. and {S}printall, {J}. and {S}uga, {T}. and {T}onani, {M}. and van {W}ijk, {E}. and {X}ing, {X}. {G}. and {Z}uo, {H}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{T}he ocean plays an essential role in regulating {E}arth's climate, influencing weather conditions, providing sustenance for large populations, moderating anthropogenic climate change, encompassing massive biodiversity, and sustaining the global economy. {H}uman activities are changing the oceans, stressing ocean health, threatening the critical services the ocean provides to society, with significant consequences for human well-being and safety, and economic prosperity. {E}ffective and sustainable monitoring of the physical, biogeochemical state and ecosystem structure of the ocean, to enable climate adaptation, carbon management and sustainable marine resource management is urgently needed. {T}he {A}rgo program, a cornerstone of the {G}lobal {O}cean {O}bserving {S}ystem ({GOOS}), has revolutionized ocean observation by providing real-time, freely accessible global temperature and salinity data of the upper 2,000m of the ocean ({C}ore {A}rgo) using cost-effective simple robotics. {F}or the past 25 years, {A}rgo data have underpinned many ocean, climate and weather forecasting services, playing a fundamental role in safeguarding goods and lives. {A}rgo data have enabled clearer assessments of ocean warming, sea level change and underlying driving processes, as well as scientific breakthroughs while supporting public awareness and education. {B}uilding on {A}rgo's success, {O}ne{A}rgo aims to greatly expand {A}rgo's capabilities by 2030, expanding to full-ocean depth, collecting biogeochemical parameters, and observing the rapidly changing polar regions. {P}roviding a synergistic subsurface and global extension to several key space-based {E}arth {O}bservation missions and {GOOS} components, {O}ne{A}rgo will enable biogeochemical and ecosystem forecasting and new long-term climate predictions for which the deep ocean is a key component. {D}riving forward a revolution in our understanding of marine ecosystems and the poorly-measured polar and deep oceans, {O}ne{A}rgo will be instrumental to assess sea level change, ocean carbon fluxes, acidification and deoxygenation. {E}merging {O}ne{A}rgo applications include new views of ocean mixing, ocean bathymetry and sediment transport, and ecosystem resilience assessment. {I}mplementing {O}ne{A}rgo requires about $100 million annually, a significant increase compared to present {A}rgo funding. {O}ne{A}rgo is a strategic and cost-effective investment which will provide decision-makers, in both government and industry, with the critical knowledge needed to navigate the present and future environmental challenges, and safeguard both the ocean and human wellbeing for generations to come.},
  keywords = {{ARGO} ; ocean observation ; climate change ; weather forecast ; ocean prediction ; climate projection ; ocean governance ; ocean economy ; {MONDE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{F}rontiers in {M}arine {S}cience},
  volume = {12},
  numero = {},
  pages = {1593904 [41 p.]},
  year = {2025},
  DOI = {10.3389/fmars.2025.1593904},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010094307},
}