@article{fdi:010094061,
  title = {{E}nvironmental contamination by metals, metalloids, and cyanides in the historic and active {ASGM} area of {K}okumbo in {C}{\^o}te d'{I}voire},
  author = {{K}ouadio, {K}.{B}. and {R}esongles, {E}l{\'e}onore and {A}houssi, {K}.{E}. and {O}uattara, {Z}. and {K}onat{\'e}, {I}. and {F}ayol, {N}. and {B}orschneck, {D}. and {B}aratoux, {D}avid and {D}elpoux, {S}. and {D}omeau, {A}. and {M}arie, {M}. and {Y}ao, {K}.{A}. and {B}runeel, {O}dile},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{I}n {C}{\^o}te d'{I}voire, despite an intense development of artisanal and small-scale gold mining ({ASGM}) activities in the last two decades, the environmental impacts of this activity are poorly documented. {T}his study aimed to document the concentrations of geogenic and exogenous contaminants potentially released by {ASGM} (metals and cyanides) in different sources (ore, mining wastes) and environmental compartments (soils, surface and ground waters, sediments) in the {K}okumbo area, part of the {A}u-rich {B}irimian greenstone belt. {A}lluvial ore material is enriched in various metal(oid)s ({A}s, {C}o, {C}u, {C}r, {F}e, {M}n, {N}i, {S}b, and {V}) compared to the average composition of the upper continental crust while other metals ({C}d, {P}b, {T}i, {Z}n) show no geochemical anomalies. {H}igh {H}g concentrations were found in cyanidation residues (up to 8.32 mg/kg) and sediments (up to 20.4 mg/kg) compared to unprocessed alluvial ores (0.06?±?0.01 mg/kg) indicating that {H}g used in amalgamation is the source of {H}g contamination.  {C}yanidation residues contain up to 100 mg/kg of total cyanides but generally less than 3% are in the form of free cyanides, the most mobile and toxic form. {A}rsenic concentrations in water are low (<?2.5 µg/{L}) despite its relatively high content in sediments and soils (76?±?54 mg/kg), showing a low mobility of {A}s, likely due to its adsorption on iron oxy(hydr)oxides. {A}part from {M}n, metals have low dissolved concentrations in water except in a stream draining a cyanidation site suggesting that the cyanidation effluent discharge may contribute to metal dispersion in rivers.},
  keywords = {{COTE} {D}'{IVOIRE} ; {KOKUMBO} {REGION}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{E}nvironmental {S}cience and {P}ollution {R}esearch},
  volume = {32},
  numero = {23},
  pages = {13699--13725},
  ISSN = {1614-7499},
  year = {2025},
  DOI = {10.1007/s11356-025-36403-6},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010094061},
}