@article{fdi:010093476,
  title = {{A}ssociation between asymptomatic submicroscopic and microscopic malaria infections and anemia : a study in southern {B}enin},
  author = {{C}haves, {A}. {R}. and {D}ossou, {Y}. and {D}j{\`e}nontin, {A}. and {A}dimi, {E}. and {A}koho, {R}. and {B}ailly, {J}ustine and {B}oura{\¨ie}ma, {A}. and {M}atondo, {D}. and {S}issinto, {Y}. and {H}ouinato, {D}. and {M}assougbodji, {A}. and {D}echavanne, {C}{\'e}lia and {C}ottrell, {G}illes},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{R}ecently, efforts to eliminate malaria have shifted focus from symptomatic cases alone to include asymptomatic carriers, who are now recognized as significant contributors to the disease's transmission and control. {T}his study examines the relationship between asymptomatic malaria infection and hemoglobin levels in {B}enin. {M}ethods {A} cohort in {B}enin was enrolled and categorized into three age groups (under 5 years, 5-15 years, and over 15 years) for follow-up from {A}ugust to {N}ovember 2021. {P}articipants were monitored over two months and assessed for malaria infection through microscopy and polymerase chain reaction ({PCR}) during their three visits. {A} questionnaire was employed to gather general and clinical characteristics. {M}ultivariate models were utilized to analyze the associations between asymptomatic infection, anemia, and hemoglobin levels. {R}esults {A}mong 393 participants, 58.2% were diagnosed at enrolment with malaria via {PCR}, and 30.5% through microscopy. {A}nemia, defined as hemoglobin levels < 11 g/d{L}, was observed in 40.5% of the cohort. {T}he risk of anemia declined with increasing age ({OR} for ages 5-15: 0.64, 95% {CI} [0.37; 1.09]; {OR} for over 15 years: 0.34, 95% {CI} [0.20; 0.59]) compared to children under 5. {I}ndividuals with both microscopic and submicroscopic infections exhibited higher odds of anemia (respectively {OR} = 4.15, 95% {CI} [2.41; 7.13] and {OR} = 2.09 [1.22; 3.57]) relative to those uninfected. {H}emoglobin levels were consistently lower in participants with microscopic malaria across all age groups ((3 =-2.73, 95% {CI} [-3.41;-2.05] for those under 5, (3 =-1.35, 95% {CI} [-1.89;-0.82] for ages 5-15, and (3 =-0.72, 95% {CI} [-1.34;-0.07]) compared to non-infected individuals.},
  keywords = {{BENIN}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{PL}o{S} {O}ne},
  volume = {20},
  numero = {1},
  pages = {0317345 [12 p.]},
  ISSN = {1932-6203},
  year = {2025},
  DOI = {10.1371/journal.pone.0317345},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010093476},
}