@article{fdi:010093396,
  title = {{I}dentifying acid lakes and associated rock exposure in glacial retreat zones in the {P}eruvian {A}ndes using {L}andsat 8 imagery},
  author = {{G}arcia, {J}. {L}. and {H}uaman-{N}avarro, {Y}. {E}. and {W}illems, {B}. {L}. and {L}oayza-{M}uro, {R}. and {M}oreira {T}urcq, {P}atricia and {W}adham, {J}. {L}. and {M}acdonald, {M}. {L}. and {B}ustamante, {A}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{T}his study offers a novel satellite-based methodology for identifying and monitoring acidic lakes in the {C}ordillera {B}lanca, {P}eru, focusing on the environmental impact of acid rock drainage ({ARD}) due to glacier retreat. {W}e utilized {L}andsat 8 imagery and field-collected p{H} data from 28 glacial lakes, provided by the {G}laciology and {W}ater {R}esources {U}nit of the {P}eruvian {N}ational {W}ater {A}uthority ({ANA}, {P}eru). {I}ntegrating this with geological mapping of the sulfide-rich {C}hicama {F}ormation ({J}s-{C}hic), we identified a correlation between exposed {J}s-{C}hic areas and lake acidity. {O}ur approach involves the {S}pectral {A}ngle {M}apper ({SAM}) method to map exposed {J}s-{C}hic areas and an empirical spectral equation to infer lake p{H}. {W}e found a distinct pattern in highly acidic lakes (p{H} < 4), with a greater {J}s-{C}hic exposure (> 60 hectares) correlating with higher acidity. {T}hese lakes, predominantly in the southern {C}ordillera {B}lanca, also showed distinct spectral signatures in the first three {L}andsat 8 bands, forming the basis of our p{H} estimation method. {F}urther, we observed that lakes with higher acidity are associated with greater glacial retreat and higher vegetation quality in their basins, as indicated by the {N}ormalized {D}ifference {V}egetation {I}ndex ({NDVI}). {O}ur findings highlight the potential of remote sensing for {ARD} monitoring in mountainous regions and suggest a link between glacial retreat, {J}s-{C}hic exposure, and lake acidification, which could have significant implications for water security.},
  keywords = {{C}ordillera {B}lanca ; {R}emote sensing ; {G}lacial retreat ; {A}cidic lakes ; {L}andsat 8 ; {ARD} ; {PEROU} ; {ANDES} ; {CORDILLERE} {BLANCHE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{E}nvironmental {M}onitoring and {A}ssessment},
  volume = {197},
  numero = {5},
  pages = {532 [15 p.]},
  ISSN = {0167-6369},
  year = {2025},
  DOI = {10.1007/s10661-025-14006-5},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010093396},
}