@article{fdi:010092966,
  title = {{A}ssessment of the hydrodynamical signature of the record-breaking 2021 flood along the {A}mazon estuary},
  author = {{C}oulet, {P}. and {D}urand, {F}abien and {F}assoni-{A}ndrade, {A}. and {K}han, {J}. and {T}estut, {L}. and {T}oublanc, {F}. and {S}antos, {L}. {G}. and {M}oreira, {D}. {M}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{S}ince the late 1990s, the hydrological cycle linking the {A}ndes, the {A}mazon and the {A}tlantic {O}cean has been intensifying. {T}he {A}mazon estuary is the eastern terminal connection of this hydrosystem, linking the {A}mazon watershed to the open ocean. {A}t {O}abidos, the upstream limit of the estuary, the 2021 {M}ay-{J}une flood was recorded as the highest flood in 12 years, with a peak discharge of 260,000 m3.s-1. {T}he impact of this record flood has not been yet quantified along the estuary. {T}his study aims to quantify its signature on estuarine hydrodynamics, using a cross-scale hydrodynamic model of the {A}mazonian estuarine continuum based on {SCHISM}. {I}t turns out that the 2021 discharge anomaly (10 % above the seasonal climatology) has a prominent influence on the {A}mazon {R}iver from 800 km to 380 km inland, inducing water level maxima typically 0.3 m higher than during a normal flood year, and about 1 m higher than during a weak flood year. {A}nalysis of the various hydrodynamic factors conducive to the water level maxima along the estuary (i.e. discharge, oceanic tide and atmospheric forcing) shows that this is largely due to the discharge contributing twice as much in 2021 as in a normal year. {I}n contrast, from 380 km inland to the oceanic mouth, both in the north-western arm (the {N}orth {C}hannel) and in the south-eastern arm (the {P}ara) of the estuary, the 2021 flood has no significant impact on the water level maxima dynamics, as the variability is dominated by the oceanic tide.},
  keywords = {{A}mazon ; {F}lood ; {E}stuary ; {E}xtreme ; {AMAZONIE} ; {BRESIL} ; {ATLANTIQUE} ; {AMAZONE} {FLEUVE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{O}cean {M}odelling},
  volume = {196},
  numero = {},
  pages = {102536 [ p.]},
  ISSN = {1463-5003},
  year = {2025},
  DOI = {10.1016/j.ocemod.2025.102536},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010092966},
}