Horizon 1 1 17 ACL : Articles dans des revues avec comité de lecture répertoriées par l'AERES Eurosurveillance 2400074 [13 ] FRANCE 2024 fdi:010092696 ENG Eurosurveillance 1025-496X ISI:001407414000005 50 10.2807/1560-7917.Es.2024.29.50.2400074 https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010092696 https://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/2025-03/010092696.pdf 29 Horizon (IRD) Background: Within the International Health Regulations framework, the French High Council for Public Health was mandated in 2022 by health authori-ties to establish a list of priority infectious diseases for public health, surveillance and research in mainland and overseas France. Aim: Our objective was to estab-lish this list. Methods: A multi-criteria decision analy-sis was used, as recommended by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. A list of 95 entities (infectious diseases or groups of these, including the World Health Organization (WHO)-labelled 'Disease X') was established by 17 infectious disease experts. Ten criteria were defined to score entities: incidence rate, case fatality rate, potential for emergence and spread, impact on the individual, on society, on socially vul-nerable groups, on the healthcare system, and need for new preventive tools, new curative therapies, and surveillance. Each criterion was assigned a relative weight by 77 multidisciplinary experts. For each entity, 98 physicians from various specialties rated each cri-terion against the entity, using a four-class Likert-type scale; the ratings were converted into numeric val-ues with a nonlinear scale and respectively weighted to calculate the entity score. Results: Fifteen entities were ranked as high-priorities, including Disease X and 14 known pathologies (e.g. haemorrhagic fevers, various respiratory viral infections, arboviral infec-tions, multidrug-resistant bacterial infections, inva-sive meningococcal and pneumococcal diseases, prion diseases, rabies, and tuberculosis). Conclusion: The priority entities agreed with those of the WHO in 2023; almost all were currently covered by the French surveillance and alert system. Repeating this analysis periodically would keep the list updated 050 UR190