@article{fdi:010092141, title = {{R}ecent progress in atmospheric modeling over the {A}ndes - part {I} : review of atmospheric processes}, author = {{M}artinez, {J}. {A}. and {J}unquas, {C}l{\'e}mentine and {B}ozkurt, {D}. and {V}iale, {M}. and {F}ita, {L}. and {T}rachte, {K}. and {C}ampozano, {L}. and {A}rias, {P}. {A}. and {B}oisier, {J}. {P}. and {C}ondom, {T}homas and {G}oubanova, {K}. and {P}abón-{C}aicedo, {J}. {D}. and {P}oveda, {G}. and {S}olman, {S}. {A}. and {S}{\¨o}rensson, {A}. {A}. and {E}spinoza, {J}han-{C}arlo}, editor = {}, language = {{ENG}}, abstract = {{T}he {A}ndes is the longest mountain range in the world, stretching from tropical {S}outh {A}merica to austral {P}atagonia (12 degrees {N}-55 degrees {S}). {A}long with the climate differences associated with latitude, the {A}ndean region also features contrasting slopes and elevations, reaching altitudes of more than 4,000 m. a.s.l., in a relatively narrow crosswise section, and hosts diverse ecosystems and human settlements. {T}his complex landscape poses a great challenge to weather and climate simulations. {T}he interaction of the topography with the large-scale atmospheric motions controls meteorological phenomena at scales of a few kilometers, often inadequately represented in global (grid spacing similar to 200-50 km) and regional (similar to 50-25 km) climate simulations previously studied for the {A}ndes. {T}hese simulations typically exhibit large biases in precipitation, wind and near-surface temperature over the {A}ndes, and they are not suited to represent strong gradients associated with the regional processes. {I}n recent years (similar to 2010-2024), a number of modeling studies, including convection permitting simulations, have contributed to our understanding of the characteristics and distribution of a variety of systems and processes along the {A}ndes, including orographic precipitation, precipitation hotspots, mountain circulations, gravity waves, among others. {T}his is {P}art {I} of a two-part review about atmospheric modeling over the {A}ndes. {I}n {P}art {I} we review the current strengths and limitations of numerical modeling in simulating key atmospheric-orographic processes for the weather and climate of the {A}ndean region, including low-level jets, downslope winds, gravity waves, and orographic precipitation, among others. {I}n {P}art {II}, we review how climate models simulate surface-atmosphere interactions and hydroclimate processes in the {A}ndes {C}ordillera to offer information on projections for land-cover/land-use change or climate change. {W}ith a focus on the hydroclimate, we also address some of the main challenges in numerical modeling for the region.}, keywords = {atmospheric modeling ; {A}ndes ; complex terrain ; mountain hydroclimate ; mesoscale meteorology ; {AMERIQUE} {DU} {SUD} ; {ANDES}}, booktitle = {}, journal = {{F}rontiers in {E}arth {S}cience}, volume = {12}, numero = {}, pages = {1427783 [23 ]}, year = {2024}, DOI = {10.3389/feart.2024.1427783}, URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010092141}, }