Dutheil C. auteur aut IRD Lal Shilpa auteur aut IRD Lengaigne Matthieu auteur aut IRD Cravatte Sophie auteur aut IRD Menkès Christophe auteur aut IRD Receveur A. auteur aut IRD Börgel F. auteur aut IRD Gröger M. auteur aut IRD Houlbrèque Fanny auteur aut IRD Le Gendre R. auteur aut IRD Mangolte I. auteur aut IRD Peltier A. auteur aut IRD Meier H. E. M. auteur aut IRD text journalArticle eng text/pdf reformatted digital access El Nino typically induces cooling in the Southwest Pacific Ocean during austral summers, usually leading to decreased marine heatwave frequency and severity. However, the 2016 extreme El Nino unexpectedly coincided with the longest and most extensive marine heatwave ever recorded in the region. This heatwave, spanning over 1.7 million square kilometers, persisting for 24 days with a peak intensity of 1.5 degrees C, resulted in massive coral bleaching and fish mortality. This exceptional warming resulted from anomalously strong shortwave radiation and reduced heat loss via latent heat fluxes, owing to low wind speed and increased air humidity. These anomalies are attributed to a rare combined event "Madden-Julian Oscillation and extreme El Nino." Following 10 February, the rapid dissipation of this marine heatwave results from the most intense cyclone ever recorded in the South Pacific. The hazardous ecological impacts of this extreme event highlight the needs for improving our understanding of marine heatwave-driving mechanisms that may result in better seasonal predictions. specialized PACIFIQUE 032 021 10 41 eadp2948 [11 p.] 2024 2375-2548 https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010091967 10.1126/sciadv.adp2948 2375-2548 [F B010091967] https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010091967 https://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/2024-11/010091967.pdf IRD - Base Horizon / Pleins textes 2024-11-13 2025-11-06 fdi:010091967 fre