@article{fdi:010091627,
  title = {{T}he development of terrestrial ecosystems emerging after glacier retreat},
  author = {{F}icetola, {G}.{F}. and {M}arta, {S}. and {G}uerrieri, {A}. and {C}antera, {I}. and {B}onin, {A}. and {C}auvy-{F}rauni{\'e}, {S}. and {A}mbrosini, {R}. and {C}accianiga, {M}. and {A}nthelme, {F}abien and {A}zzoni, {R}.{S}. and {A}lmond, {P}. and {A}lviz {G}azitúa, {P}. and {C}eballos {L}ievano, {J}.{L}. and {C}hand, {P}. and {C}hand {S}harma, {M}. and {C}lague, {J}.{J}. and {R}apre, {J}.{A}.{C}. and {C}ompostella, {C}. and {C}ruz {E}ncarnación, {R}. and {D}angles, {O}livier and et al.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{T}he global retreat of glaciers is dramatically altering mountain and high-latitude landscapes, with new ecosystems developing from apparently barren substrates. {T}he study of these emerging ecosystems is critical to understanding how climate change interacts with microhabitat and biotic communities and determines the future of ice-free terrains. {H}ere, using a comprehensive characterization of ecosystems (soil properties, microclimate, productivity and biodiversity by environmental {DNA} metabarcoding6) across 46 proglacial landscapes worldwide, we found that all the environmental properties change with time since glaciers retreated, and that temperature modulates the accumulation of soil nutrients.



{T}he richness of bacteria, fungi, plants and animals increases with time since deglaciation, but their temporal patterns differ. {M}icroorganisms colonized most rapidly in the first decades after glacier retreat, whereas most macroorganisms



took longer. {I}ncreased habitat suitability, growing complexity of biotic interactions and temporal colonization all contribute to the increase in biodiversity over time. {T}hese processes also modify community composition for all the groups of



organisms. {P}lant communities show positive links with all other biodiversity components and have a key role in ecosystem development. {T}hese unifying patterns provide new insights into the early dynamics of deglaciated terrains and



highlight the need for integrated surveillance of their multiple environmental properties.},
  keywords = {},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{N}ature},
  volume = {632},
  numero = {8024},
  pages = {336--342},
  ISSN = {0028-0836},
  year = {2024},
  DOI = {10.1038/s41586-024-07778-2},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010091627},
}