@article{fdi:010091556,
  title = {{R}ecent evolution of glaciers in the {M}anaslu region of {N}epal from satellite imagery and {UAV} data (1970-2019)},
  author = {{R}acoviteanu, {A}dina and {G}lasser, {N}.{F}. and {R}obson, {B}.{A}. and {H}arrsion, {S}. and {M}illan, {R}. and {K}ayastha, {R}.{B}. and {K}ayastha, {R}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{G}lacierized mountain ranges such as the {H}imalaya comprise a variety of glacier types, including clean and debris-covered glaciers. {M}onitoring their behaviour over time requires an assessment of changes in area and elevation along with surface features and geomorphology. {I}n this paper we quantify the surface evolution of glacier systems in the {M}anaslu region of {N}epal over the last five decades using 2013/2019 multi-sensor imagery and elevation data constructed from 1970 declassified {C}orona imagery and 1970 declassified {C}orona imagery. {W}e investigate area changes, glacier thickness, geodetic glacier mass balance and surface velocity changes at regional scales and focus on the {P}onkar {G}lacier and {T}hulagi {G}lacier and {L}ake for an in-depth assessment of surface geomorphology and surface feature dynamics (ponds, vegetation and ice cliffs). {T}he time series of surface elevation changes for the lower ablation area of {P}onkar {G}lacier is extended using 2019 {UAV}-based imagery and field-based ablation rates measured over the period 2016-2019. {G}laciers in the {M}anaslu region experienced a mean area loss of -0.26 ± 0.0001% a-1 between 1970 and 2019. {T}he mean surface lowering was -0.20 ± 0.02 ma-1 over the period 1970 to 2013, corresponding to a regional geodetic mass balance of -0.17 ± 0.03 m w. e.a-1. {O}verall, debris-covered glaciers had slightly higher thinning rates compared to clean ice glaciers; lake-terminating glaciers had double thinning rates compared to land-terminating glaciers. {I}ndividual glacier mass balance was negatively controlled by glacier slope and mean glacier elevation. {D}uring the period 1970 to 2013, {P}onkar {G}lacier had a geodetic mass balance of -0.06 ± 0.01 m w. e.a-1, inversely correlated with parts of the central trunk thickening. {B}etween 2013 and 2019 there was a nine-fold increase in the thinning rates over the lower parts of the glacier tongue relative to the period 1970-2013. {I}ce-surface morphology changes between 1970 and 2019 on {P}onkar {G}lacier include a decrease in ogives and open crevasses, an increase in ice cliffs and ponds and the expansion of the supraglacial debris and ice-surface vegetation. {T}hese changes point to reduced ice-dynamic activity and are commensurate with the observed recession and negative glacier mass balance over the last five decades.},
  keywords = {{HIMALAYA} ; {MANASLU} {REGION} ; {MANANG} {DISTRICT} ; {GANDAKI} {PROVINCE} ; {PONKAR} {GLACIER} ; {THULAGI} {GLACIER} ; {TIBET}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{F}rontiers in {E}arth {S}cience},
  volume = {9},
  numero = {},
  pages = {767317 [23 ]},
  ISSN = {2296-6463},
  year = {2022},
  DOI = {10.3389/feart.2021.767317},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010091556},
}