@article{fdi:010091388,
  title = {{T}wo decades of data on the neurotoxic {G}ymnodinium catenatum dynamics and paralytic shellfish toxins contamination of molluscs in the southwestern {M}editerranean : what have we learned ?},
  author = {{L}eblad, {B}. {R}. and {A}manhir, {R}. and {M}aamour, {N}. and {B}en {H}addouch, {A}. and {H}ormat-{A}llah, {A}. and {E}naskhi, {I}. and {A}bdellah, {M}. {K}. {O}. and {K}almouni, {A}. and {D}aoudi, {M}. and {L}aabir, {M}ohamed},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{H}armful algal blooms have been documented in the {M}oroccan {W}estern {M}editerranean region since 1993, primarily associated with the presence of paralytic shellfish toxins ({PST}s) produced by the dinoflagellate {G}ymnodinium catenatum. {T}he proliferation of this neurotoxic species has led to recurring bans on the harvesting of molluscs, resulting in significant socio-economic repercussions and threats to human health. {I}n the present study, we examine the dynamics of {G}. catenatum and mollusc {PST} contamination patterns over a 20-year period (2002-2021) in two distinct marine ecosystems: {M}'diq {B}ay and the {O}ued {L}aou {E}stuary. {F}or the {PST} contamination, we considered two commercially important shellfish species: the smooth clam, {C}allista {C}hione, and the cockle, {A}canthocardia tuberculata. {T}he highest {G}. catenatum abundances were consistently observed from {N}ovember to {F}ebruary in both sites. {O}ur data revealed inter-annual variations in {G}. catenatum abundance, peaking at 91,840 cells.{L}-1 in {N}ovember 2011. {PST} contamination levels in {A}. tuberculata were significantly higher than those observed in {C}. chione. {F}urthermore, we identified a significant correlation ({P}earson, {P}-value <0.05) between {PST} contamination of smooth clams and the abundance of {G}. catenatum. {T}he contamination of {A}. tuberculata by {PST}s reached very high levels, with up to 13,500 mu g {STX} di-{HC}l eq. kg(-1) of shellfish meat, exceeding the established safety thresholds by 16-fold. {A}dditionally, there has been an increase in the prevalence and incidence of {PST}s over the years. {N}otably, we observed a substantial increase in {G}. catenatum blooms and {PST} events in the {W}estern {M}editerranean during the last decade (2010-2021). {T}he examined data suggest that rainfall could play a pivotal role in {G}. catenatum bloom dynamics by enriching marine waters with nutrients. {T}he statistical model selection approaches indicated that nutrient concentrations (i.e., nitrate and phosphorus) were the most significant parameters for {G}. catenatum blooms in the studied area.},
  keywords = {{G}ymnodinium catenatum ; {P}aralytic shellfish toxins ; {S}hellfish contamination ; {L}ong term monitoring ; {W}estern {M}editerranean coast ; {MEDITERRANEE} ; {MAROC}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{S}cience of the {T}otal {E}nvironment},
  volume = {954},
  numero = {},
  pages = {175578 [16 p.]},
  ISSN = {0048-9697},
  year = {2024},
  DOI = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175578},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010091388},
}