@article{fdi:010091023,
  title = {{S}easonal and interannual variations of suspended particulate matter in a {W}est-{A}frican lagoon ({N}okoue lagoon, {B}enin) : impact of rivers and wind},
  author = {{N}tangyong, {I}. {L}. and {C}haigneau, {A}lexis and {M}orel, {Y}. and {A}ssogba, {A}. and {O}kpeitchaa, {V}. {O}. and {D}uhaut, {T}. and {S}tieglitz, {T}homas and {V}an {B}eek, {P}. and {B}aloitcha, {E}. and {S}ohou, {Z}. and {H}oussou, {V}. {M}. {C}. and {O}uillon, {S}ylvain},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{T}his study, based on five years of monthly in situ data collected from 2018 to 2022, examines the seasonal and interannual fluctuations of suspended particulate matter ({SPM}) concentration in {N}okoue {L}agoon, {B}enin. {S}easonally, {SPM} exhibits significant variations primarily influenced by changes in river discharge. {D}uring lowflow periods ({D}ecember to {M}ay), {SPM} concentrations are relatively low (<15 mg {L}-1) throughout the lagoon. {D}uring this time, slight temporal variations are correlated with wind energy and likely associated with wind-induced resuspension of sediments. {T}his is confirmed by slightly higher concentrations of {SPM} in the bottom layers compared to the surface. {R}esuspension appears to be lower in the west than in the east, likely due to the increased presence of acadjas (brush parks) in the west, reducing fetch and wind intensity, thus decreasing resuspension. {A}t the onset of the river flood period ({J}uly-{A}ugust), associated with the {W}est {A}frican monsoon, increased river flow generates a significant turbid plume extending from the northeast of the lagoon to the {C}otonou channel, connecting the lagoon to the {A}tlantic {O}cean. {SPM} levels then increase considerably (>100 mg {L}-1), with a pronounced {SPM} gradient from the western to eastern regions of the lagoon. {T}he less dense freshwater laden with sediment from the rivers flows over the denser saline water of the lagoon, leading to slightly higher {SPM} concentrations in the surface layers. {B}etween {S}eptember and {N}ovember, {SPM} concentration gradually decreases as river flows reach their peak values. {T}hus, on a seasonal scale, the relationships between {SPM} and river discharge show a temporal lag, resulting in a clockwise hysteresis cycle. {T}his is explained by the early mobilization of fine sediments during rising river flows, followed by reduced sediment availability and dilution effects as the flood peaks. {O}n an interannual scale, {SPM} variations are relatively low with slight temporal shifts observed in the formation and expansion of the turbid plume and peak {SPM} levels. {T}he total {SPM} mass in the lagoon ranges from 0.2 to 0.3 x 10(4) tonnes during low-flow periods to 20-30 x 10(4) tonnes at the onset of flooding. {W}e also discuss uncertainties associated with {SPM} determination, estimated at approximately 5-15%. {T}his study leverages a unique database in {W}est {A}frica and provides valuable insights into the hydro-sedimentary dynamics of {N}okoue {L}agoon.},
  keywords = {{S}uspended particulate matter ; {S}easonal and interannual variability ; {L}agoon ; {N}okoue ; {R}esuspension ; {S}ediments ; {BENIN} ; {ATLANTIQUE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{E}stuarine {C}oastal and {S}helf {S}cience},
  volume = {304},
  numero = {},
  pages = {108821 [12 ]},
  ISSN = {0272-7714},
  year = {2024},
  DOI = {10.1016/j.ecss.2024.108821},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010091023},
}