Auguin Erwan auteur aut IRD Guinet C. auteur aut IRD Mourier J. auteur aut IRD Clua E. auteur aut IRD Gasco N. auteur aut IRD Tixier Paul auteur aut IRD text journalArticle eng text/pdf reformatted digital access Intra-population heterogeneity in the behavioural response of predators to changes in prey availability caused by human activities can have major evolutionary implications. Among these activities, fisheries, while extracting resources, also provide new feeding opportunities for marine top predators. However, heterogeneity in the extent to which individuals have responded to these opportunities within populations is poorly understood. Here, we used 18 years of photo-identification data paired with statistical models to assess variation in the way killer whale social units within a subantarctic population (Crozet Islands) interact with fisheries to feed on fish caught on fishing gear (i.e., depredation behaviour). Our results indicate large heterogeneity in both the spatial and temporal extents of depredation across social units. While some frequently depredated on fishery catches over large areas, others sporadically did so and in small areas consistently over the years. These findings suggest that killer whale social units are exposed to varying levels of impacts of depredation, both negative (potential retaliation from fishers) and positive (food provisioning), on their life history traits, and may explain the contrasted demographic patterns observed within the declining population at Crozet but also potentially within the many other killer whale populations documented depredating on fisheries catches worldwide. specialized depredation human-wildlife conflicts intra-population variation marine top predator Orcinus orca social network 034 040 14 5 e11448 [14 ] 2024 2045-7758 https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010090709 10.1002/ece3.11448 2045-7758 [F B010090709] https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010090709 https://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/2024-07/010090709.pdf IRD - Base Horizon / Pleins textes 2024-07-10 2025-11-06 fdi:010090709 fre