@article{fdi:010090672,
  title = {{W}ho is "anti-science" ?},
  author = {{P}aul, {E}. and {B}rown, {G}. {W}. and {R}idde, {V}al{\'e}ry and {S}turmberg, {J}. {P}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{O}bjectives: "{A}nti-science" accusations are common in medicine and public health, sometimes to discredit scientists who hold opposing views. {H}owever, there is no such thing as "one science". {E}pistemology recognizes that any "science" is sociologically embedded, and therefore contextual and intersubjective. {I}n this paper, we reflect on how "science" needs to adopt various perspectives to give a comprehensive and nuanced understanding of a phenomenon. {S}tudy design: {O}pinion paper. {M}ethods: {B}ased on a targeted literature survey, we first clarify the known limits of traditional scientific methods and then reflect on how the scientific reporting about {C}ovid-19 m{RNA} vaccines has evolved. {R}esults: {T}he first reports of the {C}ovid-19 m{RNA} vaccines randomised controlled trial results showed impressive efficacy. {N}evertheless, an abundant literature has since depicted a far more nuanced picture of the effectiveness and safety of those vaccines over the medium-term. {W}e organise them around five themes: (i) differentiating between relative and absolute reduction; (ii) taking account of time in reporting effectiveness; (iii) taking account of all outcomes, including adverse effects; (iv) stratifying effectiveness and considering other decision criteria (efficiency, equity, and acceptance); (v) changing the outcome of concern and assessing vaccines' effectiveness on mortality. {C}onclusions: {S}cience offers a wide range of perspectives on a given study object. {O}nly the process of deliberation amongst scientists and other stakeholders can result in accepted new knowledge useful to support decisionmaking. {U}nfortunately, by trying to reduce "science" to simple messages set in stone, scientists can become the worse enemies of science.},
  keywords = {{S}cience ; {H}ealth policy ; {C}ovid-19 ; {V}accines},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{P}ublic {H}ealth in {P}ractice},
  volume = {7},
  numero = {},
  pages = {100493 [4 ]},
  ISSN = {2666-5352},
  year = {2024},
  DOI = {10.1016/j.puhip.2024.100493},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010090672},
}