@article{fdi:010090579,
  title = {{G}lobal seroprevalence of {Z}ika virus in asymptomatic individuals : a systematic review},
  author = {{V}illarroel, {P}. {M}. {S}. and {H}amel, {R}odolphe and {G}umpangseth, {N}. and {Y}ainoy, {S}. and {K}oomhin, {P}. and {M}iss{\'e}, {D}oroth{\'e}e and {W}ichit, {S}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{B}ackground {Z}ika virus ({ZIKV}) has spread to five of the six {W}orld {H}ealth {O}rganization ({WHO}) regions. {G}iven the substantial number of asymptomatic infections and clinical presentations resembling those of other arboviruses, estimating the true burden of {ZIKV} infections is both challenging and essential. {T}herefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of seroprevalence studies of {ZIKV} {I}g{G} in asymptomatic population to estimate its global impact and distribution.{M}ethodology/{P}rincipal findings {W}e conducted extensive searches and compiled a collection of articles published from {J}an/01/2000, to {J}ul/31/2023, from {E}mbase, {P}ubmed, {S}ci{ELO}, and {S}copus databases. {T}he random effects model was used to pool prevalences, reported with their 95% confidence interval ({CI}), a tool to assess the risk of study bias in prevalence studies, and the {I}2 method for heterogeneity ({PROSPERO} registration {N}o. {CRD}42023442227). {E}ighty-four studies from 49 countries/territories, with a diversity of study designs and serological tests were included. {T}he global seroprevalence of {ZIKV} was 21.0% (95%{CI} 16.1%-26.4%). {E}vidence of {I}g{G} antibodies was identified in all {WHO} regions, except for {E}urope. {S}eroprevalence correlated with the epidemics in the {A}mericas (39.9%, 95%{CI}:30.0-49.9), and in some {W}estern {P}acific countries (15.6%, 95%{CI}:8.2-24.9), as well as with recent and past circulation in {S}outheast {A}sia (22.8%, 95%{CI}:16.5-29.7), particularly in {T}hailand. {A}dditionally, sustained low circulation was observed in {A}frica (8.4%, 95%{CI}:4.8-12.9), except for {G}abon (43.7%), and {B}urkina {F}aso (22.8%). {A}lthough no autochthonous transmission was identified in the {E}astern {M}editerranean, a seroprevalence of 16.0% was recorded.{C}onclusions/{S}ignificance {T}he study highlights the high heterogeneity and gaps in the distribution of seroprevalence. {T}he implementation of standardized protocols and the development of tests with high specificity are essential for ensuring a valid comparison between studies. {E}qually crucial are vector surveillance and control methods to reduce the risk of emerging and re-emerging {ZIKV} outbreaks, whether caused by {A}e. aegypti or {A}e. albopictus or by the {A}sian or {A}frican {ZIKV}. {Z}ika virus ({ZIKV}) remains an important public health concern. {E}stimating the true burden of the disease is a major challenge, often underestimated due to the substantial number of asymptomatic infections. {C}onsequently, seroprevalence studies are valuable for determining the geographic extent of the virus, measuring levels of human immunity, and assessing potential infection-related risks. {T}hus, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature addressing the seroprevalence of {ZIKV} in asymptomatic individuals worldwide. {T}he overall seroprevalence of {ZIKV} {I}g{G} antibodies was 21.0%, calculated based on 84 studies published between {J}anuary 2000 and {J}uly 2023. {A}ntibodies have been found in all {WHO} regions, but none in {E}urope, with rates ranging from 8.4% in {A}frica to 39.9% in {A}merica. {F}urther standardized surveillance studies are needed to understand immunity per region and over time, evaluate vector dynamics, and assess the risk of future outbreaks.},
  keywords = {},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{PL}o{S} {N}eglected {T}ropical {D}iseases},
  volume = {18},
  numero = {4},
  pages = {e0011842 [20 p.]},
  ISSN = {1935-2735},
  year = {2024},
  DOI = {10.1371/journal.pntd.0011842},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010090579},
}