@article{fdi:010090572,
  title = {{L}ake {T}anganyika basin water storage variations from 2003-2021 for water balance and flood monitoring},
  author = {{G}betkom, {P}. {G}. and {C}r{\'e}taux, {J}. {F}. and {B}iancamaria, {S}. and {B}lazquez, {A}. and {P}aris, {A}. and {T}chilibou, {M}. and {G}al, {L}. and {K}itambo, {B}. and {O}liveira, {R}. {A}. {J}. and {G}osset, {M}arielle},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{L}ake {T}anganyika in {E}ast {A}frica contains 17% of the free freshwater on the {E}arth's surface and provides important ecosystem services to similar to 13 million people in the region. {I}t is one of the great lakes in {E}ast {A}frica for which a significant rise in water level between 2019 and 2020 led to flooding, with major environmental consequences and social impacts. {T}his study focused on the {L}ake {T}anganyika basin water balance between 2003 and 2021 to assess the influence of recent climate variability on lake water level variations (due in particular to the floods of 2020 and 2021) and to explore early warnings of flooding in the lake's surrounding lowlands. {T}his process is performed using remote sensing data. {F}or the computation of the basin's water balance, we compared variations in the watershed total water storage ({TWS}) with the basin water flux calculated using rainfall, evaporation ({E}), evapotranspiration ({ET}) and discharges data. {T}he space-time variations in rainfall, {E} and {ET} were analyzed by decomposing their time series into trend and seasonal signals and applying (only for rainfall) multivariate statistical analysis to the decomposed signals. {F}or flood mapping, we calculated the {MNDWI} spectral water index from {S}entinel-2 images acquired between 2017 and 2022. {O}ur study showed that the basin water balance is closed when rainfall from {E}ra5 is combined with {E} and {ET} from {GLEV} and {MOD}16{A}2, respectively. {D}uring the 2003-2021 period, over the entire watershed, water losses of similar to 70 km3 due to lake {E} were offset by an increase in water inflows of similar to 100 km3 in the rest of the watershed. {D}uring the period from 2003 to 2021, the {E} rate from the lake was stable overall, while the {ET} and rainfall mainly in the {M}alagarasi basin increased significantly. {T}he surface water storage ({SWS}), which represents the variation in lake water volume derived from altimetry measurements, corresponds to 41.8% of the {TWS}, groundwater storage corresponds to 57.7% of the {TWS}, and the soil moisture is less than 0.5%. {T}he {TWS} strongly correlated with the {SWS} (similar to 91%), with a one-month lag in the {SWS} variations in response to the {TWS} fluctuations. {T}herefore, the {SWS} in {M}ay, when the flood risk is the highest, was estimated using {TWS} in {F}ebruary, {M}arch and {A}pril with accuracies of 85%, 94% and 95%, respectively. {T}his valuable information could be integrated into flood management tools, particularly for areas such as {G}atumba city and the {R}uzizi {D}elta {N}ature {R}eserve, which were heavily affected by the {M}ay 2021 floods.},
  keywords = {{L}ake {T}anganyika ; {W}ater storage ; {R}ainfall ; {F}lood ; {S}patiotemporal changes ; {BURUNDI} ; {TANZANIE} ; {AFRIQUE} {DE} {L}'{EST} ; {REPUBLIQUE} {DEMOCRATIQUE} {DU} {CONGO} ; {TANGANYKA} {LAC}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{R}emote {S}ensing {A}pplications : {S}ociety and {E}nvironment},
  volume = {34},
  numero = {},
  pages = {101182 [19 ]},
  ISSN = {2352-9385},
  year = {2024},
  DOI = {10.1016/j.rsase.2024.101182},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010090572},
}