@article{fdi:010090350,
  title = {{M}alaria in {B}urkina {F}aso : a comprehensive analysis of spatiotemporal distribution of incidence and environmental drivers, and implications for control strategies},
  author = {{B}ationo, {C}edric and {C}issoko, {M}. and {K}atil{\'e}, {A}. and {S}ylla, {B}. and {O}u{\'e}draogo, {A}. and {O}uedraogo, {J}. {B}. and {T}ougri, {G}. and {K}ompaor{\'e}, {S}. {C}. {B}. and {M}oiroux, {N}icolas and {G}audart, {J}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{B}ackground{T}he number of malaria cases worldwide has increased, with over 241 million cases and 69,000 more deaths in 2020 compared to 2019. {B}urkina {F}aso recorded over 11 million malaria cases in 2020, resulting in nearly 4,000 deaths. {T}he overall incidence of malaria in {B}urkina {F}aso has been steadily increasing since 2016. {T}his study investigates the spatiotemporal pattern and environmental and meteorological determinants of malaria incidence in {B}urkina {F}aso.{M}ethods{W}e described the temporal dynamics of malaria cases by detecting the transmission periods and the evolution trend from 2013 to 2018. {W}e detected hotspots using spatial scan statistics. {W}e assessed different environmental zones through a hierarchical clustering and analyzed the environmental and climatic data to identify their association with malaria incidence at the national and at the district's levels through generalized additive models. {W}e also assessed the time lag between malaria peaks onset and the rainfall at the district level. {T}he environmental and climatic data were synthetized into indicators.{R}esults{T}he study found that malaria incidence had a seasonal pattern, with high transmission occurring during the rainy seasons. {W}e also found an increasing trend in the incidence. {T}he highest-risk districts for malaria incidence were identified, with a significant expansion of high-risk areas from less than half of the districts in 2013-2014 to nearly 90% of the districts in 2017-2018. {W}e identified three classes of health districts based on environmental and climatic data, with the northern, south-western, and western districts forming separate clusters. {A}dditionally, we found that the time lag between malaria peaks onset and the rainfall at the district level varied from 7 weeks to 17 weeks with a median at 10 weeks. {E}nvironmental and climatic factors have been found to be associated with the number of cases both at global and districts levels.{C}onclusion{T}he study provides important insights into the environmental and spatiotemporal patterns of malaria in {B}urkina {F}aso by assessing the spatio temporal dynamics of {M}alaria cases but also linking those dynamics to the environmental and climatic factors. {T}he findings highlight the importance of targeted control strategies to reduce the burden of malaria in high-risk areas as we found that {M}alaria epidemiology is complex and linked to many factors that make some regions more at risk than others.},
  keywords = {{BURKINA} {FASO}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{PL}o{S} {O}ne},
  volume = {18},
  numero = {9},
  pages = {e0290233 [24 p.]},
  ISSN = {1932-6203},
  year = {2023},
  DOI = {10.1371/journal.pone.0290233},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010090350},
}