@article{fdi:010090266,
  title = {{A}ssessments for the effect of mineral dust on the spring heat waves in the {S}ahel},
  author = {{N}iane, {P}. {M}. and {M}artiny, {N}. and {R}oucou, {P}. and {M}arilleau, {N}icolas and {J}anicot, {S}erge and {G}aye, {A}. {T}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{T}he physical mechanisms associated with heat waves ({HW}s) are well known in the midlatitudes but still under-documented in the {S}ahel. {S}pecifically, the role of anthropogenic and natural changes in tropospheric aerosols regarding {HW}s remains an issue to address. {O}ur study focuses on the characterisation of the dusty {HW}s in the {S}ahel, which generally occur from {M}arch to {J}une. {T}he goal is to reinforce or invalidate the assumption proposed in previous studies recently carried out in southern {E}urope and according to which mineral dust may locally change irradiance at the surface, thus atmospheric temperatures at 2 m, intensifying the {HW}. {T}he work is carried out in three steps: (i) detect and describe the {HW} over the 2003-2014 period based on maximum daily 2-m temperatures ({T}max) from {ERA}-{I}nterim reanalyses; (ii) characterise the dust optical properties during the {HW} using the {D}eep {B}lue aerosols products from {MODIS} ({M}oderate {R}esolution {I}maging {S}pectroradiometre): the {A}erosol {O}ptical {D}epth at 550 nm ({AOD}550), the {A}ngstrom {E}xponent ({AE}440-870) and the {S}ingle {S}cattering {A}lbedo at 412 nm ({SSA}412) as a proxy of quantity over atmospheric column, size and absorption of aerosols, respectively; (iii) relate {HW} intensity to the aerosol conditions during the {HW}. {O}ver the 12-year study period, 14 {HW}s are detected when {T}max exceeds the 90th percentile ({P}90). {T}he {HW}s are dusty with {AOD}550 ranging between 0.46 and 1.17 and all the dust types are absorbent with a {SSA}412 value of 0.93 (round to hundredths). {T}he {HW} classification according to aerosol conditions gave three {HW}s: {T}ype 1 corresponds to {P}ure {D}ust {S}ituation ({PDS} with {AE}440-870 = 0.1), {T}ype 2 and {T}ype 3 are associated with {M}ixed {S}ituation ({MS}) with dominance of {C}oarse {P}articles ({CP} with {AE}440-870 = 0.35) and {F}ine {P}articles ({FP} with {AE}440-870 = 0.65), respectively. {T}he main result obtained is that the intensity of the dusty {HW}, computed as the difference between daily {T}max and its {P}90 ({T}max-{P}90)), is higher for {T}ype 1 {HW} (+1.1 & {DEG};{C}) in the case of the most absorbent aerosol situation ({SSA}412 = 0.931). {A} non-significant difference between {T}ype 2 and {T}ype 3 especially for temperature (+0.5 & {DEG};{C} and +0.4 & {DEG};{C}, respectively) and {SSA} (0.938 and 0.935, respectively) is observed and, during these mixing situations, the {HW}s are less intense than those during the {PDS}. {F}inally, the analysis of two huge {T}ype 1 {HW}s in 2007 and 2010 shows that dust mass concentrations at the surface were particularly high, up to 214 & mu;g/m3 on average. {T}hese findings enable us to assess that highly absorbent and concentrated pure dust situations observed in spring in the {S}ahel may have a potential warming effect at the surface.},
  keywords = {{S}ahel ; heat waves ; dust ; remote sensing ; aerosol optical properties ; {SAHEL}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{A}tmosphere},
  volume = {14},
  numero = {9},
  pages = {1373 [16 ]},
  year = {2023},
  DOI = {10.3390/atmos14091373},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010090266},
}