@article{fdi:010090057,
  title = {{T}he cost of tsetse control using '{T}iny {T}argets' in the sleeping sickness endemic forest area of {B}onon in {C}ote d'{I}voire : implications for comparing costs across different settings},
  author = {{C}ourtin, {F}abrice and {K}aba, {D}. and {R}ayaisse, {J}. {B}. and {S}olano, {P}hilippe and {T}orr, {S}. {J}. and {S}haw, {A}. {P}. {M}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{B}ackground {W}ork to control the gambiense form of human {A}frican trypanosomiasis (g{HAT}), or sleeping sickness, is now directed towards ending transmission of the parasite by 2030. {I}n order to supplement g{HAT} case-finding and treatment, since 2011 tsetse control has been implemented using {T}iny {T}argets in a number of g{HAT} foci. {A}s this intervention is extended to new foci, it is vital to understand the costs involved. {C}osts have already been analysed for the foci of {A}rua in {U}ganda and {M}andoul in {C}had. {T}his paper examines the costs of controlling {G}lossina palpalis palpalis in the focus of {B}onon in {C}ote d'{I}voire from 2016 to 2017. {M}ethodology/{P}rincipal findings {S}ome 2000 targets were placed throughout the main g{HAT} transmission area of 130 km(2) at a density of 14.9 per km(2). {T}he average annual cost was {USD} 0.5 per person protected, {USD} 31.6 per target deployed of which 12% was the cost of the target itself, or {USD} 471.2 per km(2) protected. {B}roken down by activity, 54% was for deployment and maintenance of targets, 34% for tsetse surveys/monitoring and 12% for sensitising populations. {C}onclusions/{S}ignificance {T}he cost of tsetse control per km(2) of the g{HAT} focus protected in {B}onon was more expensive than in {C}had or {U}ganda, while the cost per km(2) treated, that is the area where the targets were actually deployed, was cheaper. {P}er person protected, the {B}onon cost fell between the two, with {U}ganda cheaper and {C}had more expensive. {I}n {B}onon, targets were deployed throughout the protected area, because {G}. p. palpalis was present everywhere, whereas in {C}had and {U}ganda {G}. fuscipes fuscipes was found only the riverine fringing vegetation. {T}hus, differences between g{HAT} foci, in terms of tsetse ecology and human geography, impact on the cost-effectiveness of tsetse control. {I}t also demonstrates the need to take into account both the area treated and protected alongside other impact indicators, such as the cost per person protected. {A}uthor summary {S}leeping sickness is a fatal disease in {A}frica caused by trypanosomes transmitted by the bite of infected tsetse flies. {T}he {W}orld {H}ealth {O}rganization has set the absence of new infections as a goal for 2030. {T}o achieve this, screening and treatment of patients is supplemented by tsetse control. {T}iny {T}argets are small insecticide-impregnated panels of blue cloth and black netting which attract and kill tsetse. {T}o maintain the momentum in these last stages of eliminating the disease, it is important to understand the costs of vector control. {T}his paper presents the results of two years' cost monitoring in {B}onon, an area covering 130 km(2), home to 120,000 people. {S}ince 2016, similar to 2,000 {T}iny {T}argets have been deployed annually at a cost of {USD} 471 per km(2) per year. {B}onon is a degraded forested area and a relatively high number of targets was required as tsetse are present throughout. {N}evertheless, the cost comes to only {USD} 0.5 per person protected per year. {C}ompared to operations using {T}iny {T}argets in {U}ganda and {C}had, the cost was higher per km(2) protected, reflecting the need to place targets throughout the area, but low per person protected compared to {C}had, highlighting the need to use a range of comparators.},
  keywords = {{COTE} {D}'{IVOIRE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{PL}o{S} {N}eglected {T}ropical {D}iseases},
  volume = {16},
  numero = {1},
  pages = {e0010033 [22 ]},
  ISSN = {1935-2735},
  year = {2022},
  DOI = {10.1371/journal.pntd.0010033},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010090057},
}