@article{fdi:010089611,
  title = {{T}rends and drivers of {CO}2 parameters, from 2006 to 2021, at a time-series station in the {E}astern {T}ropical {A}tlantic (6°{S}, 10°{W})},
  author = {{L}ef{\`e}vre, {N}athalie and {V}eleda, {D}. and {B}eaumont, {L}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{T}he seawater fugacity of {CO}2 (f{CO}(2)) has been monitored hourly at an instrumented mooring at 6 degrees {S}, 10 degrees {W} since 2006. {T}he mooring is located in the {S}outh {E}quatorial {C}urrent and is affected by the equatorial {A}tlantic cold tongue. {T}his site is characterized by large seasonal sea surface temperature variations (>4 degrees {C}). {T}he f{CO}(2) is measured by a spectrophotometric sensor deployed at about 1.5 meters deep. {M}easurements of seawater f{CO}(2), sea surface temperature ({SST}) and sea surface salinity ({SSS}) are used to calculate total dissolved inorganic carbon ({TCO}2) and p{H}. {T}otal alkalinity ({TA}) is calculated using an empirical relationship with {SSS} determined for this region. {S}atellite chlorophyll-a concentrations at 6 degrees {S}, 10 degrees {W} are low (<0.2 mg m(-3)) but some peaks over 0.8 mg m(-3) are sometimes detected in {A}ugust. {N}evertheless, the site is a permanent source of {CO}2 to the atmosphere, averaging 4.7 +/- 2.4 mmol m(-2)d(-1) over 2006-2021. {D}espite the weakening of the wind, the {CO}2 flux increases significantly by 0.20 +/- 0.05 mmol m(-2)d(-1) yr(-1). {T}his suggests that the source of {CO}2 is increasing in this region. {T}his is explained by seawater f{CO}(2) increasing faster than the atmospheric increase during 2006-2021. {M}ost of the seawater f{CO}(2) increase is driven by the increase of {TCO}2, followed by {SST}. {T}he f{CO}(2) increase leads to a p{H} decrease of -0.0030 +/- 0.0004 yr(-1). {T}he {SST} anomalies ({SSTA}) at 6 degrees {S}, 10 degrees {W} are correlated to the {T}ropical {S}outhern {A}tlantic ({TSA}) index and to the {A}tlantic 3 region ({ATL}3) index with a correlation coefficient higher than 0.75. {T}he strong positive phase of both {ATL}3 and {TSA}, observed towards the end of the time-series, is likely contributing to the strong increase of seawater f{CO}(2.)},
  keywords = {acidification ; fugacity of {CO}2 ; carbon cycle ; tropical {S}outhern {A}tlantic ; index ; {PIRATA} mooring ; {ATLANTIQUE} ; {ZONE} {TROPICALE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{F}rontiers in {M}arine {S}cience},
  volume = {11},
  numero = {},
  pages = {1299071 [14 p.]},
  year = {2024},
  DOI = {10.3389/fmars.2024.1299071},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010089611},
}