@article{fdi:010089015,
  title = {{A} methodology based on territorial metabolism analysis to assess the multi-criteria sustainability of {A}frican village terroirs with contrasted crop-livestock systems},
  author = {{A}udouin, {E}. and {O}dru, {M}. and {M}asse, {D}. and {D}or{\'e}go, {G}.{S}. and {D}elaunay, {V}al{\'e}rie and {L}ecomte, {P}. and {V}ayssi{\`e}res, {J}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{C}ontext : {A}gricultural intensification to ensure food security and limit rural exodus is a major issue in sub-{S}aharan {A}frica. {T}he potential of livestock farming to improve the sustainability of farming systems has been studied but rarely at the landscape level. {H}owever, because the herds move about in the landscape, thereby creating horizontal biomass and nutrient flows between plots and households, the landscape is the only level where all the interactions between the different components of the agro-ecosystem (animals, crops and trees) can be considered. {O}bjective : {O}ur objective was to develop a methodology that uses territorial metabolism for multicriteria assessment of sustainability to compare contrasted livestock systems. {M}ethods : {W}e compare two neighboring village terroirs in the former groundnut basin of {S}enegal. {O}ne village ({D}iohine), has kept a 'traditional extensive system' based on fallow, free grazing and night corralling, while the other ({B}arry) uses a 'modern semi-intensive system' based on livestock fattening in which the livestock is stall-fed with feed concentrate and crop residues. {D}uring the survey, village households were asked to describe their practices and to quantify biomass and nitrogen ({N}) flows to enable us to calculate sustainability indicators (productivity, balance, efficiency, dependency, profitability) at plot, household and village terroir levels. {R}esults and conclusions : {A}t village terroir level, introducing livestock fattening increased the livestock stocking rate (0.96 {TLU} ha-1 in {D}iohine and 2.31 {TLU} ha-1 in {B}arry) and spreading of solid manure on crop fields (respectively 337 and 482 kg{DM} ha-1). {F}attening livestock requires large imports of feed concentrate, 23.67 kg{N} ha-1 in {B}arry versus 3.39 kg{N} ha-1 in {D}iohine. {T}he improved livestock productivity of fattening (+217 kg{LW} ha-1) produces higher financial returns (+432€ household-1 year-1) that enable the use of more mineral fertilizers (6.28 kg{N} ha-1 in {B}arry versus 1.09 kg{N} ha-1 in {D}iohine). {T}he additional {N} inputs in {B}arry enable increased yields of the main staple crop (millet) (+101 kg{DM} ha-1). {T}he population density of {B}arry village is +78% higher (320 capita km-2 in {B}arry versus 180 capita km-2 in {D}iohine). {T}he village nitrogen balance (24.88 kg{N} ha-1 in {B}arry versus 8.51 kg{N} ha-1 in {D}iohine) and {N} use efficiencies (respectively 0.64 and 0.15) demonstrate that nutrient cycling and soil fertility management are more sustainable in {B}arry. {S}ignificance : {W}e propose a methodology to rebuild territorial metabolism from surveys. {T}erritorial metabolism is used to calculate a set of multi-criteria sustainability indicators. {T}his methodology will be particularly useful in sub-{S}aharan {A}frica where data on agricultural systems are lacking.},
  keywords = {{AFRIQUE} {SUBSAHARIENNE} ; {SENEGAL} ; {NIAKHAR}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{A}gricultural {S}ystems},
  volume = {213},
  numero = {},
  pages = {103781 [20 ]},
  ISSN = {1873-2267},
  year = {2024},
  DOI = { 10.1016/j.agsy.2023.103781},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010089015},
}