@article{fdi:010088867,
  title = {{A} review of the literature of {L}isteria monocytogenes in {A}frica highlights breast milk as an overlooked human source},
  author = {{S}arr, {M}. and {A}lou, {M}. {T}. and {P}adane, {A}. and {D}iouf, {F}. {S}. and {B}eye, {M}. and {S}okhna, {C}heikh and {F}enollar, {F}. and {M}boup, {S}. and {R}aoult, {D}. and {M}illion, {M}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{A}ccording to the latest {WHO} estimates (2015) of the global burden of foodborne diseases, {L}isteria monocytogenes is responsible for one of the most serious foodborne infections and commonly results in severe clinical outcomes. {T}he 2013 {F}rench {MONALISA} prospective cohort identified that women born in {A}frica has a 3-fold increase in the risk of maternal neonatal listeriosis. {O}ne of the largest {L}. monocytogenes outbreaks occurred in {S}outh {A}frica in 2017-2018 with over 1,000 cases. {M}oreover, recent findings identified {L}. monocytogenes in human breast milk in {M}ali and {S}enegal with its relative abundance positively correlated with severe acute malnutrition. {T}hese observations suggest that the carriage of {L}. monocytogenes in {A}frica should be further explored, starting with the existing literature. {F}or that purpose, we searched the peer-reviewed and grey literature published dating back to 1926 to date using six databases. {U}ltimately, 225 articles were included in this review. {W}e highlighted that {L}. monocytogenes is detected in various sample types including environmental samples, food samples as well as animal and human samples. {T}hese studies were mostly conducted in five east {A}frican countries, four west {A}frican countries, four north {A}frican countries, and two {S}outhern {A}frican countries. {M}oreover, only approximate to 0.2% of the {L}isteria monocytogenes genomes available on {NCBI} were obtained from {A}frican samples, contracted with its detection. {T}he pangenome resulting from the {A}frican {L}isteria monocytogenes samples revealed three clusters including two from {S}outh-{A}frican strains as well as one consisting of the strains isolated from breast milk in {M}ali and {S}enegal and, a vaginal post-miscarriage sample. {T}his suggests there was a clonal complex circulating in {M}ali and {S}enegal. {A}s this clone has not been associated to infections, further studies should be conducted to confirm its circulation in the region and explore its association with foodborne infections. {M}oreover, it is apparent that more resources should be allocated to the detection of {L}. monocytogenes as only 15/54 countries have reported its detection in the literature. {I}t seems paramount to map the presence and carriage of {L}. monocytogenes in all {A}frican countries to prevent listeriosis outbreaks and the related miscarriages and confirm its association with severe acute malnutrition.},
  keywords = {{L}isteria monocytogenes ; environment ; food ; animal ; human ; treatment ; {A}frica ; {AFRIQUE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{F}rontiers in {M}icrobiology},
  volume = {14},
  numero = {},
  pages = {1213953 [14 ]},
  year = {2023},
  DOI = {10.3389/fmicb.2023.1213953},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010088867},
}