@article{fdi:010088273,
  title = {{A} minisatellite-based {MLVA} for deciphering the global epidemiology of the bacterial cassava pathogen {X}anthomonas phaseoli pv. manihotis},
  author = {{R}ache, {L}. and {B}londin, {L}. and {T}atis, {P}. {D}. and {F}lores, {C}. and {C}amargo, {A}. and {K}ante, {M}. and {W}onni, {I}. and {L}opez, {C}. and {S}zurek, {B}oris and {D}upas, {S}t{\'e}phane and {P}ruvost, {O}. and {K}oebnik, {R}alf and {R}estrepo, {S}. and {B}ernal, {A}. and {V}erniere, {C}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{C}assava {B}acterial {B}light ({CBB}) is a destructive disease widely distributed in the different areas where this crop is grown. {P}opulations studies have been performed at local and national scales revealing a geographical genetic structure with temporal variations. {A} global epidemiology analysis of its causal agent {X}anthomonas phaseoli pv. manihotis ({X}pm) is needed to better understand the expansion of the disease for improving the monitoring of {CBB}. {W}e targeted new tandem repeat ({TR}) loci with large repeat units, i.e. minisatellites, that we multiplexed in a scheme of {M}ulti-{L}ocus {V}ariable number of {TR} {A}nalysis ({MLVA}-8). {T}his genotyping scheme separated 31 multilocus haplotypes in three clusters of single-locus variants and a singleton within a worldwide collection of 93 {X}pm strains isolated over a period of fifty years. {T}he major {MLVA}-8 cluster 1 grouped strains originating from all countries, except the unique {C}hinese strain. {O}n the contrary, all the {X}pm strains genotyped using the previously developed {MLVA}-14 microsatellite scheme were separated as unique haplotypes. {W}e further propose an {MLVA}-12 scheme which takes advantage of combining {TR} loci with different mutation rates: the eight minisatellites and four faster evolving microsatellite markers, for global epidemiological surveillance. {T}his {MLVA}-12 scheme identified 78 haplotypes and separated most of the strains in groups of double-locus variants ({DLV}) supporting some phylogenetic relationships. {DLV} groups were subdivided into closely related clusters of strains most often sharing the same geographical origin and isolated over a short period, supporting epidemiological relationships. {T}he main {MLVA}-12 {DLV} group#1 was composed by strains from {S}outh {A}merica and all the {A}frican strains. {T}he {MLVA}-12 scheme combining both minisatellite and microsatellite loci with different discriminatory power is expected to increase the accuracy of the phylogenetic signal and to minimize the homoplasy effects. {F}urther investigation of the global epidemiology of {X}pm will be helpful for a better control of {CBB} worldwide.},
  keywords = {},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{PL}o{S} {O}ne},
  volume = {18},
  numero = {5},
  pages = {e0285491 [16 ]},
  ISSN = {1932-6203},
  year = {2023},
  DOI = {10.1371/journal.pone.0285491},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010088273},
}