@article{fdi:010088201, title = {{E}stimating health care costs at scale in low- and middle-income countries : mathematical notations and frameworks for the application of cost functions}, author = {d'{E}lbee, {M}. and {T}erris-{P}restholt, {F}. and {B}riggs, {A}. and {G}riffiths, {U}. {K}. and {L}armarange, {J}oseph and {M}edley, {G}. {F}. and {G}omez, {G}. {B}.}, editor = {}, language = {{ENG}}, abstract = {{A}ppropriate costing and economic modeling are major factors for the successful scale-up of health interventions. {V}arious cost functions are currently being used to estimate costs of health interventions at scale in low- and middle-income countries ({LMIC}s) potentially resulting in disparate cost projections. {T}he aim of this study is to gain understanding of current methods used and provide guidance to inform the use of cost functions that is fit for purpose. {W}e reviewed seven databases covering the economic and global health literature to identify studies reporting a quantitative analysis of costs informing the projected scale-up of a health intervention in {LMIC}s between 2003 and 2019. {O}f the 8725 articles identified, 40 met the inclusion criteria. {W}e classified studies according to the type of cost functions applied-accounting or econometric-and described the intended use of cost projections. {B}ased on these findings, we developed new mathematical notations and cost function frameworks for the analysis of healthcare costs at scale in {LMIC}s setting. {T}hese notations estimate variable returns to scale in cost projection methods, which is currently ignored in most studies. {T}he frameworks help to balance simplicity versus accuracy and increase the overall transparency in reporting of methods.}, keywords = {cost functions ; econometrics ; health economics ; low- and middle-income countries ; microeconomics ; production costs ; {PAYS} {EN} {DEVELOPPEMENT}}, booktitle = {}, journal = {{H}ealth {E}conomics}, volume = {[{E}arly access]}, numero = {}, pages = {[18 p.]}, ISSN = {1057-9230}, year = {2023}, DOI = {10.1002/hec.4722}, URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010088201}, }