@article{fdi:010088072,
  title = {{U}nraveling the climate control on debris-free glacier evolution in the {E}verest region ({N}epal, central {H}imalaya) during the {H}olocene},
  author = {{J}omelli, {V}. and {W}agnon, {P}atrick and {S}wingedouw, {D}. and {C}harton, {J}. and {B}raucher, {R}. and {H}ue, {A}. and {B}run, {F}. and {C}olin, {C}. and {G}airoard, {S}. and {S}hrestha, {D}. and {ASTER} {T}eam,},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{C}urrent mass balance and meteorological surveys of {M}era glacier located about 30 km south of {M}ount {E}verest in {N}epal show the dominant role of {A}sian monsoon precipitation on interannual mass balance variability while temperature controls the altitude of snow-rain threshold. {A}s these observations on mass balance variability only explore the recent decades, studies on paleo glacial extents are useful to investigate the long-term climate forcing on glacier evolution. {T}o do so, we investigated the long-term evolution of the debris-free {M}era glacier and a neighbouring small debris-free {S}outh {K}hare glacier. {F}ifty-one {B}e-10 {CRE} ages were obtained from samples collected on moraine boulders and roches moutonnes. {B}e-10 {CRE} ages of the boulders span from the end of the {L}ateglacial (19.0-11.7 ka) to the {L}ittle {I}ce {A}ge (similar to 0.6-0.1 ka). {T}he oldest dated moraine in this study was observed at the base of {S}outh {K}hare glacier with an age of 13.6 +/- 0.5 ka. {T}he two glaciers subsequently experienced their largest {H}olocene extent in the {E}arly {H}olocene with moraines dated to 11.0 +/- 0.3 ka at the base of {M}era glacier and 10.8 +/- 0.5 ka at the base of {S}outh {K}hare glacier. {W}e did not observe any moraine from the {M}id-{H}olocene. {D}uring the {L}ate {H}olocene several glacier advances were recorded around 2.3 +/- 0.2 ka, 1.5 ka and then during the last centuries at {M}era glacier and around 2.8 +/- 0.6 ka, and during the {L}ittle {I}ce {A}ge at {S}outh {K}hare glacier. {T}o explore the links between long-term {N}epalese glacier changes and climate, we used oceanic and terrestrial {I}ndian {S}ummer monsoon reconstructions and temperature and precipitation output from two transient global climate models {T}ra{CE} and {LOVECLIM}. {T}hese climate data outputs were corrected by a reconstruction of the {A}tlantic {M}eridional {O}verturning {C}irculation ({AMOC}) over the {H}olocene and its associated climatic impacts. {W}e also used sensitivity experiments from the {IPSL} ({I}nstitut {P}ierre {S}imon {L}aplace) model to discuss the possible influence of horizontal resolution, land hydrology, vegetation and runoff on changes in {A}sian summer monsoon. {I}mportantly, we show this long-term {N}epalese glacier pattern does not perfectly conform neither to the {I}ndian monsoon precipitation that is documented from terrestrial and marine records nor to temperature and precipitation changes simulated by the models. {W}hile the maximum glacier extent in the {E}arly {H}olocene corresponds to enhanced precipitation documented by proxies and models, the {L}ate {H}olocene glacier advance remains puzzling. {W}e claim that new paleo glacier records and improved climate simulations are necessary to get a better understanding of past glacier changes and the associated climate dynamics, which might be crucial to gain confidence in both glacier and climate future evolutions.},
  keywords = {{N}epalese glacier ; {B}e-10 chronology ; {H}olocene ; {AMOC} ; {I}ndian monsoon ; {NEPAL} ; {HIMALAYA} ; {EVEREST}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{Q}uaternary {S}cience {R}eviews},
  volume = {310},
  numero = {},
  pages = {108109 [17 ]},
  ISSN = {0277-3791},
  year = {2023},
  DOI = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2023.108109},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010088072},
}