@article{fdi:010087662,
  title = {{C}an {A}zolla filiculoides be a complementary feed resource for ecological intensification in small-scale fish farming ? {B}iological effects on giant gourami ({O}sphronemus goramy)},
  author = {{C}aruso, {D}omenico and {L}usiastuti, {A}. {M}. and {P}ouil, {S}imon and {S}amsudin, {R}. and {A}rifin, {O}. {Z}. and {S}lembrouck, {J}acques},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{U}sing {A}zolla filiculoides, a candidate macrophyte species for ecological intensification, in small-scale aquaculture requires the investigation of the potential effects of fresh plant material not only on fish growth but also on physiological status and responses to disease and stress. {I}n this study, juveniles of giant gourami {O}sphronemus goramy reared into cages placed in an outdoor pond were fed for six weeks with different proportions of fresh {A}zolla in replacement of commercial pellets ({A}: 100%, {B}: 56%, {C}:26% and {D}: 0% of the feeding events). {T}he condition factor ({K}-{F}ulton) somatic and immunological indicators were measured. {E}ffects of {A}zolla on transport stress and bacterial infection with {A}eromonas hydrophila were also assessed. {R}esults showed that {K}-{F}ulton decreased with increasing proportions of {A}zolla in the diet (p < 0.001). {T}otal protein, albumin and globulin in fish from treatment {A} were significantly lower than in the other treatments. {A} decrease in lymphocytes was observed in treatments {A} and {B} (p < 0.001) and fish from these treatments had higher levels of monocytes (p < 0.001). {N}eutrophils were higher in treatment {A} only (p = 0.012). {P}lasma lysozyme levels and serum bactericidal activity increased with {A}zolla in the diet (both p < 0.001). {B}efore transport stress, glycaemia was lower in fish from treatment {A} (p < 0.001) while after transport, glycaemia increased in all treatments excepted treatment {A} (p < 0.001) where survival was the highest after 15 days post transport. {O}ne week after infection the survival of fish was higher in fish from treatments {A} and {B} (p < 0.001). {A}zolla had positive effects on immunological indicators, and resistance to stress and disease but decreased growth. {T}hese findings suggest using {A}zolla at reasonable rate (i.e. <30% of the diet) to reduce pellets inputs while maintaining growth and providing other benefits to fish.},
  keywords = {{A}zolla ; floating macrophytes ; ecosystem resources ; immunity ; stress ; {A} hydrophila ; {INDONESIE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{A}quatic {L}iving {R}esources},
  volume = {36},
  numero = {},
  pages = {9 [12 ]},
  ISSN = {0990-7440},
  year = {2023},
  DOI = {10.1051/alr/2023007},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010087662},
}