@article{fdi:010087453,
  title = {{P}roof-of-concept study for a long-acting formulation of ivermectin injected in cattle as a complementary malaria vector control tool},
  author = {{P}ooda, {S}. {H}. and {M}oiroux, {N}icolas and {P}orciani, {A}ng{\'e}lique and {C}ourjaud, {A}. {L}. and {R}oberge, {C}. and {G}audriault, {G}. and {S}idibe, {I}. and {B}elem, {A}. {M}. {G}. and {R}ayaisse, {J}. {B}. and {D}abire, {R}. {K}. and {M}ouline, {K}arine},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{B}ackground {D}omesticated animals play a role in maintaining residual transmission of {P}lasmodium parasites of humans, by offering alternative blood meal sources for malaria vectors to survive on. {H}owever, the blood of animals treated with veterinary formulations of the anti-helminthic drug ivermectin can have an insecticidal effect on adult malaria vector mosquitoes. {T}his study therefore assessed the effects of treating cattle with long-acting injectable formulations of ivermectin on the survival of an important malaria vector species, to determine whether it has potential as a complementary vector control measure. {M}ethods {E}ight head of a local breed of cattle were randomly assigned to either one of two treatment arms (2 x 2 cattle injected with one of two long-acting formulations of ivermectin with the {BEPO} ({R}) technology at the therapeutic dose of 1.2 mg/kg), or one of two control arms (2 x 2 cattle injected with the vehicles of the formulations). {T}he lethality of the formulations was evaluated on 3-5-day-old {A}nopheles coluzzii mosquitoes through direct skin-feeding assays, from 1 to 210 days after treatment. {T}he efficacy of each formulation was evaluated and compared using {C}ox proportional hazards survival models, {K}aplan-{M}eier survival estimates, and log-logistic regression on cumulative mortality. {R}esults {B}oth formulations released mosquitocidal concentrations of ivermectin until 210 days post-treatment (hazard ratio > 1). {T}he treatments significantly reduced mosquito survival, with average median survival time of 4-5 days post-feeding. {T}he lethal concentrations to kill 50% of the {A}nopheles ({LC}50) before they became infectious (10 days after an infectious blood meal) were maintained for 210 days post-injection for both formulations. {C}onclusions {T}his long-lasting formulation of ivermectin injected in cattle could complement insecticide-treated nets by suppressing field populations of zoophagic mosquitoes that are responsible, at least in part, for residual malaria transmission. {T}he impact of this approach will of course depend on the field epidemiological context. {C}omplementary studies will be necessary to characterize ivermectin withdrawal times and potential environmental toxicity.},
  keywords = {{A}nopheles ; {M}alaria ; {R}esidual transmission ; {I}vermectin ; {L}ong-acting formulation ; {C}attle ; {O}ne health ; {B}urkina {F}aso ; {BURKINA} {FASO}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{P}arasites and {V}ectors},
  volume = {16},
  numero = {1},
  pages = {66 [12 ]},
  ISSN = {1756-3305},
  year = {2023},
  DOI = {10.1186/s13071-022-05621-z},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010087453},
}