@article{fdi:010086990, title = {{P}assive acoustic monitoring provides a fresh perspective on fundamental ecological questions}, author = {{R}oss, {S}rpj and {O}'{C}onnell, {D}. {P}. and {D}eichmann, {J}. {L}. and {D}esjonqueres, {C}. and {G}asc, {A}mandine and {P}hillips, {J}. {N}. and {S}ethi, {S}. {S}. and {W}ood, {C}. {M}. and {B}urivalova, {Z}.}, editor = {}, language = {{ENG}}, abstract = {{P}assive acoustic monitoring ({PAM}) has emerged as a transformative tool for applied ecology, conservation and biodiversity monitoring, but its potential contribution to fundamental ecology is less often discussed, and fundamental {PAM} studies tend to be descriptive, rather than mechanistic. {H}ere, we chart the most promising directions for ecologists wishing to use the suite of currently available acoustic methods to address long-standing fundamental questions in ecology and explore new avenues of research. {I}n both terrestrial and aquatic habitats, {PAM} provides an opportunity to ask questions across multiple spatial scales and at fine temporal resolution, and to capture phenomena or species that are difficult to observe. {I}n combination with traditional approaches to data collection, {PAM} could release ecologists from myriad limitations that have, at times, precluded mechanistic understanding. {W}e discuss several case studies to demonstrate the potential contribution of {PAM} to biodiversity estimation, population trend analysis, assessing climate change impacts on phenology and distribution, and understanding disturbance and recovery dynamics. {W}e also highlight what is on the horizon for {PAM}, in terms of near-future technological and methodological developments that have the potential to provide advances in coming years. {O}verall, we illustrate how ecologists can harness the power of {PAM} to address fundamental ecological questions in an era of ecology no longer characterised by data limitation. {R}ead the free {P}lain {L}anguage {S}ummary for this article on the {J}ournal blog.}, keywords = {acoustic index ; bioacoustics ; biodiversity ; ecoacoustics ; sensor array ; soundscape ; spatiotemporal scale}, booktitle = {}, journal = {{F}unctional {E}cology}, volume = {[{E}arly access]}, numero = {}, pages = {[17 p.]}, ISSN = {0269-8463}, year = {2023}, DOI = {10.1111/1365-2435.14275}, URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010086990}, }