Zobba R. auteur aut IRD Murgia C. auteur aut IRD Dahmani M. auteur aut IRD Mediannikov Oleg auteur aut IRD Davoust B. auteur aut IRD Piredda R. auteur aut IRD Schianchi E. auteur aut IRD Scagliarini A. auteur aut IRD Pittau M. auteur aut IRD Alberti A. auteur aut IRD text journalArticle eng text/pdf reformatted digital access The genus Anaplasma (Anaplasmataceae, Rickettsiales) includes tick-transmitted bacterial species of importance to both veterinary and human medicine. Apart from the traditionally recognized six Anaplasma species (A. phagocytophilum, A. platys, A. bovis, A. ovis, A. centrale, A. marginale), novel strains and candidate species, also of relevance to veterinary and human medicine, are emerging worldwide. Although species related to the zoonotic A. platys and A. phagocytophilum have been reported in several African and European Mediterranean countries, data on the presence of these species in sub-Saharan countries are still lacking. This manuscript reports the investigation of Anaplasma strains related to zoonotic species in ruminants in Senegal by combining different molecular tests and phylogenetic approaches. The results demonstrated a recent introduction of Candidatus (Ca) Anaplasma turritanum, a species related to the pathogenic A. platys, possibly originating by founder effect. Further, novel undetected strains related to Candidatus (Ca) Anaplasma cinensis were detected in cattle. Based on groEL and gltA molecular comparisons, we propose including these latter strains into the Candidatus (Ca) Anaplasma africanum species. Finally, we also report the emergence of Candidatus (Ca) A. boleense in Senegal. Collectively, results confirm that Anaplasma species diversity is greater than expected and should be further investigated, and that Anaplasma routine diagnostic procedures and epidemiological surveillance should take into account specificity issues raised by the presence of these novel strains, suggesting the use of a One Health approach for the management of Anaplasmataceae in sub-Saharan Africa. specialized obligate intracellular bacteria Anaplasma diversity tick-borne diseases zoonosis one health SENEGAL 052 080 24 1 35 [11 p.] 2023 https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010086835 10.3390/ijms24010035 [F B010086835] https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010086835 https://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/2023-02/010086835.pdf IRD - Base Horizon / Pleins textes 2023-02-08 2025-02-24 fdi:010086835 fre