@article{fdi:010086779,
  title = {{E}valuation of the routine implementation of pulse oximeters into integrated management of childhood illness ({IMCI}) guidelines at primary health care level in {W}est {A}frica : the {AIRE} mixed-methods research protocol},
  author = {{H}edible, {G}. {B}. and {L}ouart, {S}. and {N}eboua, {D}. and {C}atala, {L}. and {A}nago, {G}. and {S}awadogo, {A}. {G}. and {K}argougou, {G}. {D}. and {M}eda, {B}. and {K}olie, {J}. {S}. and {H}ema, {A}. and {K}eita, {S}. and {N}iome, {M}. and {S}avadogo, {A}. {S}. and {P}eters-{B}okol, {L}. and {A}gbeci, {H}. and {Z}air, {Z}. and {L}enaud, {S}. and {V}ignon, {M}. and {Y}ugbare, {S}. {O}. and {A}barry, {H}. and {D}iakite, {A}. {A}. and {D}iallo, {I}. {S}. and {L}amontagne, {F}. and {B}riand, {V}al{\'e}rie and {D}ahourou, {D}. {L}. and {C}ousien, {A}. and {R}idde, {V}al{\'e}ry and {L}eroy, {V}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{B}ackground: {T}he {AIRE} operational project will evaluate the implementation of the routine {P}ulse {O}ximeter ({PO}) use in the integrated management of childhood illness ({IMCI}) strategy for children under-5 in primary health care centers ({PHC}) in {W}est {A}frica. {T}he introduction of {PO} should promote the accurate identification of hypoxemia (pulse blood oxygen saturation {S}p02 < 90%) among all severe {IMCI} cases (respiratory and non-respiratory) to prompt their effective case management (oxygen, antibiotics and other required treatments) at hospital. {W}e seek to understand how the routine use of {PO} integrated in {IMCI} outpatients works (or not), for whom, in what contexts and with what outcomes. {M}ethods: {T}he {AIRE} project is being implemented from 03/2020 to 12/2022 in 202 {PHC}s in four {W}est {A}frican countries ({B}urkina {F}aso, {G}uinea, {M}ali, {N}iger) including 16 research {PHC}s (four per country). {T}he research protocol will assess three complementary components using mixed quantitative and qualitative methods: a) context based on repeated cross-sectional surveys: baseline and aggregated monthly data from all {PHC}s on infrastructure, staffing, accessibility, equipment, {PO} use, severe cases and care; b) the process across {PHC}s by assessing acceptability, fidelity, implementation challenges and realistic evaluation, and c) individual outcomes in the research {PHC}s: all children under-5 attending {IMCI} clinics, eligible for {PO} use will be included with parental consent in a cross-sectional study. {A}mong them, severe {IMCI} cases will be followed in a prospective cohort to assess their health status at 14 days. {W}e will analyze pathways, patterns of care, and costs of care. {D}iscussion: {T}his research will identify challenges to the systematic implementation of {PO} in {IMCI} consultations, such as health workers practices, frequent turnover, quality of care, etc. {F}urther research will be needed to fully address key questions such as the best time to introduce {PO} into the {IMCI} process, the best {S}p{O}2 threshold for deciding on hospital referral, and assessing the cost-effectiveness of {PO} use. {T}he {AIRE} research will provide health policy makers in {W}est {A}frica with sufficient evidence on the context, process and outcomes of using {PO} integrated into {IMCI} to promote scale-up in all {PHC}s.},
  keywords = {{C}hildren ; {I}ntegrated management of childhood illness ; {P}ulse oximeter ; {P}rimary health care ; {W}est {A}frica ; {I}mplementation research ; {AFRIQUE} {DE} {L}'{OUEST} ; {BURKINA} {FASO} ; {GUINEE} ; {MALI} ; {NIGER} ; {AFRIQUE} {SUBSAHARIENNE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{BMC} {H}ealth {S}ervices {R}esearch},
  volume = {22},
  numero = {1},
  pages = {1579 [20 ]},
  year = {2022},
  DOI = {10.1186/s12913-022-08982-4},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010086779},
}