@article{fdi:010086307,
  title = {{T}he ecology and epidemiology of malaria parasitism in wild chimpanzee reservoirs},
  author = {{S}cully, {E}. {J}. and {L}iu, {W}. {M}. and {L}i, {Y}. {Y}. and {N}django, {J}. {B}. {N}. and {P}eeters, {M}artine and {K}amenya, {S}. and {P}usey, {A}. {E}. and {L}onsdorf, {E}. {V}. and {S}anz, {C}. {M}. and {M}organ, {D}. {B}. and {P}iel, {A}. {K}. and {S}tewart, {F}. {A}. and {G}onder, {M}. {K}. and {S}immons, {N}. and {A}siimwe, {C}. and {Z}uberbuhler, {K}. and {K}oops, {K}. and {C}hapman, {C}. {A}. and {C}hancellor, {R}. and {R}undus, {A}. and {H}uffman, {M}. {A}. and {W}olfe, {N}. {D}. and {D}uraisingh, {M}. {T}. and {H}ahn, {B}. {H}. and {W}rangham, {R}. {W}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{C}himpanzees ({P}an troglodytes) harbor rich assemblages of malaria parasites, including three species closely related to {P}. falciparum (sub-genus {L}averania), the most malignant human malaria parasite. {H}ere, we characterize the ecology and epidemiology of malaria infection in wild chimpanzee reservoirs. {W}e used molecular assays to screen chimpanzee fecal samples, collected longitudinally and cross-sectionally from wild populations, for malaria parasite mitochondrial {DNA}. {W}e found that chimpanzee malaria parasitism has an early age of onset and varies seasonally in prevalence. {A} subset of samples revealed {H}epatocystis mitochondrial {DNA}, with phylogenetic analyses suggesting that {H}epatocystis appears to cross species barriers more easily than {L}averania. {L}ongitudinal and cross-sectional sampling independently support the hypothesis that mean ambient temperature drives spatiotemporal variation in chimpanzee {L}averania infection. {I}nfection probability peaked at similar to 24.5 degrees {C}, consistent with the empirical transmission optimum of {P}. falciparum in humans. {F}orest cover was also positively correlated with spatial variation in {L}averania prevalence, consistent with the observation that forest-dwelling {A}nophelines are the primary vectors. {E}xtrapolating these relationships across equatorial {A}frica, we map spatiotemporal variation in the suitability of chimpanzee habitat for {L}averania transmission, offering a hypothetical baseline indicator of human exposure risk.},
  keywords = {{OUGANDA} ; {ZONE} {EQUATORIALE} ; {KIBALE} {PARC} {NATIONAL}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{C}ommunications {B}iology},
  volume = {5},
  numero = {1},
  pages = {1020 [14 p.]},
  year = {2022},
  DOI = {10.1038/s42003-022-03962-0},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010086307},
}