@article{fdi:010086290,
  title = {{E}ffects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on marine and freshwater microalgae : a review},
  author = {{B}en {O}thman, {H}. and {P}ick, {F}. {R}. and {H}laili, {A}. {S}. and {L}eboulanger, {C}hristophe},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{T}he first synthetic review of the {PAH}s effects on microalgae in experimental studies and aquatic ecosystems is provided. {P}hytoplankton and phytobenthos from marine and freshwaters show a wide range of sensitivities to {PAH}s, and can accumulate, transfer and degrade {PAH}s. {D}ifferent toxicological endpoints including growth, chlorophyll a, in vivo fluorescence yield, membrane integrity, lipid content, anti-oxidant responses and gene expression are reported for both freshwater and marine microalgal species exposed to {PAH}s in culture and in natural assemblages. {P}hotosynthesis, the key process carried out by microalgae appears to be the most impacted by {PAH} exposure. {T}he effect of {PAH}s is both dose-and species-dependent and influenced by environmental factors such as {UV} radiation, temperature, and salinity. {U}nder natural conditions, {PAH}s are typically present in mixtures and the toxic effects induced by single {PAH}s are not necessarily extrapolated to mixtures. {N}atural microalgal communities appear more sensitive to {PAH} contamination than microalgae in monospecific culture. {T}o further refine the ecological risks linked to {PAH} exposure, species-sensitivity distributions ({SSD}) were analyzed based on published {EC}50s (half-maximal effective concentrations during exposure). {HC}5 (harmful concentration for 5% of the species assessed) was derived from {SSD} to provide a toxicity ranking for each of nine {PAH}s. {T}he most water-soluble {PAH}s naphthalene ({HC}5 = 650 mu g/{L}), acenaphthene ({HC}5 = 274 mu g/{L}), and fluorene ({HC}5 = 76.8 mu g/{L}) are the least toxic to microalgae, whereas benzo[a]pyrene ({HC}5 = 0.834 mu g/{L}) appeared as the more toxic. {N}o relationship between {EC}50 and cell biovolume was established, which does not support assumptions that larger microalgal cells are less sensitive to {PAH}s, and calls for further experimental evidence. {T}he global {PAH}s {HC}5 for marine species was on average higher than for freshwater species (26.3 and 1.09 mu g/{L}, respectively), suggesting a greater tolerance of marine phytoplankton towards {PAH}s. {N}evertheless, an important number of experimental exposure concentrations and reported toxicity thresholds are above known {PAH}s solubility in water. {T}he precise and accurate assessment of {PAH}s toxicity to microalgae will continue to benefit from more rigorously designed experimental studies, including control of exposure duration and bio-metric data on test microalgae.},
  keywords = {{P}olycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ; {M}icroalgae ; {P}hytoplankton ; {T}oxicity ; {S}pecies-sensitivity distributions ; {M}arine and freshwaters},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{J}ournal of {H}azardous {M}aterials},
  volume = {441},
  numero = {},
  pages = {129869 [25 ]},
  ISSN = {0304-3894},
  year = {2023},
  DOI = {10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129869},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010086290},
}