Humanitarian operations, social tensions, and development changes Crisis and development : the lake Chad region and Boko Haram /Pérouse de Montclos, Marc-Antoine Magrin, G. Rangé, C. Hessana, A. Don-Donné, G.P. In 2017, the situation is a combination of two crises. One is military and humanitarian as the fight continues against Boko Haram. The other is economic due to the deterioration in public finances caused by the oil price slump since late 2014, which has more especially hit Nigeria and Chad. This situation has had dramatic impacts on employment. While the military and local militias overpowered civilian authorities, the conflict has instilled a climate of suspicion and fear that has been instrumental in stirring ethnic, religious, and land tenure antagonisms. The humanitarian operations deployed in 2016 have disrupted the political economy in the study zone. The injection of funds and influx of international operators may well have contained the food crisis, but they have also complicated interventions and exacerbated corruption. Diversion of relief items is not the only challenge facing the aid players. There is a crying lack of political vision and coordination at regional level, when the zone's structural under-development should call for crisis responses conceived in terms of construction rather than reconstruction. AFD Magrin, G. (ed.) /Pérouse de Montclos, Marc-Antoine (ed.) /Seignobos, Christian (ill.) /Gluski, Pauline (cartogr.) 2018 text https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010086279 fdi:010086279 Pérouse de Montclos Marc-Antoine, Magrin G., Rangé C., Hessana A., Don-Donné G.P.. Humanitarian operations, social tensions, and development changes. In : Magrin G. (ed.), Pérouse de Montclos Marc-Antoine (ed.), Seignobos Christian (ill.), Gluski Pauline (cartogr.), . Crisis and development : the lake Chad region and Boko Haram AFD, 2018, 179-197 EN TCHAD LAC NIGERIA CAMEROUN NIGER TCHAD