@article{fdi:010086106,
  title = {{O}ccurrence of three dominant epibenthic dinoflagellates ({O}streopsis spp., {C}oolia monotis and {P}rorocentrum lima) in relation to biotic substrates and environmental factors in a highly dynamic ecosystem, the {S}trait of {G}ibraltar ({S}outhwestern {M}editerranean)},
  author = {{I}bghi, {M}. and {E}l {K}biach, {M}. {L}. and {L}eblad, {B}. {R}. and {A}boualaalaa, {H}. and {H}erve, {F}. and {S}ibat, {M}. and {C}hair, {A}. and {M}asseret, {E}. and {M}aamour, {N}. and {D}aoudi, {M}. and {A}mzil, {Z}. and {L}aabir, {M}ohamed},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{N}o studies have been carried out on the benthic harmful algal blooms ({BHAB}s) along the {S}trait of {G}ibraltar in the {M}editerranean, and little is known about the diversity of blooming species. {H}ere, epibenthic dinoflagellates were monitored at least biweekly over 18 months ({M}ay 2019-{N}ovember 2020) in {O}ued {L}ihoud, {C}ap {M}alabata and {D}alia on the thalli of five dominant macrophytes and in the water column. {T}his is the first report on the seasonal distribution of {BHAB} species hosted by natural biotic substrates in the {S}trait of {G}ibraltar, which is known for high hydrodynamics, major entry of {A}tlantic waters and important maritime traffic. {T}hree {BHAB} dinoflagellates were observed in the surveyed areas: {O}streopsis spp., {C}oolia monotis and {P}rorocentrum lima. {T}he analysis of all data at the three sites showed that {D}ictyota dichotoma was the most favourable macroalgae host for these benthic dinoflagellates. {T}he highest cell densities were observed in {C}ap {M}alabata for {O}streopsis spp. (2.7 x 10(5) cells/g fresh weight in {S}eptember 2020), {P}. lima (4.57 x 10(4) cells/g {FW} in {S}eptember 2020) and {C}. monotis (4.07 x 10(4) cells/g {FW} in {J}une 2019). {P}hosphate and temperature were positively correlated to the abundances of the studied thermophilic {BHAB} species. {I}n contrast, negative correlations were recorded with salinity, ammonium, nitrite, nitrate, {DIN}, nitrogen/phosphate ratio and suspended material, attesting of the complex relationships between environmental factors and {BHAB} species dynamic in each marine ecosystem. {T}oxin analyses of the natural phytoplankton assemblage during {BHAB}s showed the presence of only lipophilic toxins, namely okadaic acid and dinophysistoxins produced by {P}. lima. {T}hese {BHAB}s species have to be isolated to establish monoclonal cultures for ribotyping and ecophysiological investigations.},
  keywords = {{E}pibenthic dinoflagellates ; {B}iotic substrate ; {E}nvironmental factors ; {T}oxins ; {S}trait of {G}ibraltar ; {MEDITERRANEE} ; {MAROC} ; {GIBRALTAR} {DETROIT}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{E}nvironmental {M}onitoring and {A}ssessment},
  volume = {194},
  numero = {11},
  pages = {810 [32 ]},
  ISSN = {0167-6369},
  year = {2022},
  DOI = {10.1007/s10661-022-10426-9},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010086106},
}