@article{fdi:010085960, title = {{M}ining rare {E}arth elements : identifying the plant species most threatened by ore extraction in an insular hotspot}, author = {{L}annuzel, {G}. and {P}ouget, {L}. and {B}ruy, {D}avid and {H}equet, {V}anessa and {M}eyer, {S}. and {M}unzinger, {J}{\'e}r{\^o}me and {G}ateble, {G}.}, editor = {}, language = {{ENG}}, abstract = {{C}onservation efforts in global biodiversity hotspots often face a common predicament: an urgent need for conservation action hampered by a significant lack of knowledge about that biodiversity. {I}n recent decades, the computerisation of primary biodiversity data worldwide has provided the scientific community with raw material to increase our understanding of the shared natural heritage. {T}hese datasets, however, suffer from a lot of geographical and taxonomic inaccuracies. {A}utomated tools developed to enhance their reliability have shown that detailed expert examination remains the best way to achieve robust and exhaustive datasets. {I}n {N}ew {C}aledonia, one of the most important biodiversity hotspots worldwide, the plant diversity inventory is still underway, and most taxa awaiting formal description are narrow endemics, hence by definition hard to discern in the datasets. {I}n the meantime, anthropogenic pressures, such as nickel-ore mining, are threatening the unique ultramafic ecosystems at an increasing rate. {T}he conservation challenge is therefore a race against time, as the rarest species must be identified and protected before they vanish. {I}n this study, based on all available datasets and resources, we applied a workflow capable of highlighting the lesser known taxa. {T}he main challenges addressed were to aggregate all data available worldwide, and tackle the geographical and taxonomic biases, avoiding the data loss resulting from automated filtering. {E}very doubtful specimen went through a careful taxonomic analysis by a local and international taxonomist panel. {G}eolocation of the whole dataset was achieved through dataset cross-checking, local botanists' field knowledge, and historical material examination. {F}ield studies were also conducted to clarify the most unresolved taxa. {W}ith the help of this method and by analysing over 85,000 data, we were able to double the number of known narrow endemic taxa, elucidate 68 putative new species, and update our knowledge of the rarest species' distributions so as to promote conservation measures.}, keywords = {nickel-mining threat ; biodiversity hotspots ; narrow endemic taxa ; new species ; ultramafic substrates ; data cleaning ; conservation planning ; primary biodiversity data ; {NOUVELLE} {CALEDONIE}}, booktitle = {}, journal = {{F}rontiers in {E}cology and {E}volution}, volume = {10}, numero = {}, pages = {952439 [13 p.]}, ISSN = {2296-701{X}}, year = {2022}, DOI = {10.3389/fevo.2022.952439}, URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010085960}, }